Comparison of cotrimoxazole, ampicillin, and chloramphenicol in treatment of experimental Haemophilus influenzae type B meningitis.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
J R PerfectD T Durack

Abstract

To evaluate cotrimoxazole in the treatment of bacterial meningitis, we compared its action with that of ampicillin and chloramphenicol in experimental Haemophilus influenzae type b meningitis. Both trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole penetrated well into the cerebrospinal fluid of infected rabbits, reaching 40 and 26%, respectively, of their simultaneous serum levels. Levels measured 30 and 60 min after intravenous injection exceeded the minimum inhibitory concentration of this combination for H. influenzae by 10- to 100-fold. The mean ratio of trimethoprim to sulfamethoxazole in cerebrospinal fluid was 1:22. Cotrimoxazole was as effective as ampicillin in therapy of beta-lactamase-negative H. influenzae meningitis and as effective as chloramphenicol for a beta-lactamase positive strain. These findings corroborate favorable preliminary clinical experience reported by others and indicate that cotrimoxazole deserves further study in the therapy of bacterial meningitis.

References

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Citations

Jul 1, 1981·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·J M MylotteT R Beam
May 15, 1984·The American Journal of Medicine·M G Täuber, M A Sande
Feb 23, 2010·PLoS Pathogens·Teresa R O'MearaJ Andrew Alspaugh
Oct 13, 2009·Eukaryotic Cell·Hyeseung LeeKyung J Kwon-Chung
Sep 10, 2008·Infection and Immunity·Michael S PriceJ Andrew Alspaugh
Jun 23, 2006·Infection and Immunity·Karen L WozniakStuart M Levitz
Sep 23, 2003·Infection and Immunity·Shamima AkhterJohn R Perfect
Jul 23, 2003·Infection and Immunity·Erin E McClellandWayne K Potts

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