Comparison of Er:YAG and 9.6-microm TE CO(2) lasers for ablation of skull tissue

Lasers in Surgery and Medicine
N M Fried, D Fried

Abstract

Craniotomy by using a drill and saw frequently results in fragmentation of the skull plate. Lasers have the potential to remove the skull plate intact, simplifying the reconstructive surgery. Transverse-excited CO(2) lasers operating at the peak absorption wavelength of bone (lambda = 9.6 microm) and with pulse durations of 5-8 microsec, approximately the thermal relaxation time in hard tissue, produced high ablation rates and minimal peripheral thermal damage. Both thick (2 mm) and thin (250 microm) bovine skull samples were perforated and the ablation rates calculated. Results were compared with Q-switched and free-running Er:YAG lasers (lambda = 2.94 microm, tau(p) = 0.5 microsec and 300 microsec). The CO(2) laser produced ablation rates of up to 60 and 15 microm per pulse for thin and thick sections, respectively, and perforated thin and thick sections with fluences of less than 1 J/cm(2) and 6 J/cm(2), respectively. There was no discernible thermal damage and no need for water irrigation during ablation. Pulse durations > or =20 microsec resulted in significant tissue charring, which increased with the pulse duration. Although the free-running Er:YAG laser produced ablation rates of up to 100 microm per pulse, fluences of ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 2, 2002·Lasers in Surgery and Medicine·Daniel FriedJohn D B Featherstone
Nov 13, 2004·Osteoporosis International : a Journal Established As Result of Cooperation Between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA·J GoldhahnE Schneider
Jul 31, 2007·Lasers in Medical Science·Sebastian StoppTim Lueth
Mar 12, 2009·Lasers in Medical Science·Bettina Hohlweg-MajertTim C Lueth
May 12, 2009·Lasers in Medical Science·George E RomanosAnton Sculean
Jul 3, 2010·The Journal of Oral Implantology·Gavriel KeslerGeorge Romanos
May 2, 2007·British Dental Journal·S Parker
Jan 8, 2004·Journal of Clinical Laser Medicine & Surgery·O R KellerG K Eyrich
Oct 20, 2012·Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery : Official Journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons·Dragana Gabrić PandurićIvica Anić
Jan 1, 2016·Lasers in Surgery and Medicine·Chenman YinJames M Fraser
Sep 18, 2007·Lasers in Surgery and Medicine·Stefan StübingerConstantin Landes
Feb 22, 2007·Lasers in Surgery and Medicine·B GirardR J Dwayne Miller
Nov 28, 2012·Lasers in Surgery and Medicine·David D LoDerrick C Wan
Oct 7, 2004·Dental Clinics of North America·Gabi Kesler
Jan 27, 2019·Journal of Biophotonics·Fahad AljekhedabQiyin Fang
Feb 25, 2011·Academic Medicine : Journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges·Charles J HatemYvonne Steinert
Apr 29, 2020·Biomedical Optics Express·Hamed AbbasiAzhar Zam

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