PMID: 19947115Dec 2, 2009Paper

Comparison of exhaust emissions resulting from cold- and hot-start motorcycle driving modes

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association
Yung-Chen YaoHung-Lung Chiang

Abstract

This study investigated the emissions of criteria air pollutants (carbon monoxide [CO], hydrocarbons [HCs], and oxides of nitrogen [NOx]) from motorcycle exhaust at cold- and hot-start driving cycles on a chassis dynamometer. Seven four-stroke carburetors and two fuel-injection motorcycles were tested. As expected, the emission factors (g/km) of CO and HCs increased during cold-start driving. The ratio of emission factors (g/km) for cold- and hot-start driving cycles ranged from 1.1-1.5 (for CO) to 1.2-2.8 (for HCs). However, the difference of NOx emissions between the cold- and hot-start cycles was not pronounced. Further, the cold-/hot-start ratios of CO and HCs from 50-cm3 motorcycles were higher than those of 100- and 125-cm3 motorcycles; however, the carbon dioxide (CO2) emission was the lowest for the four-stroke motorcycles. High engine temperature and poor combustion efficiency of smaller cylinder-capacity motorcycles may contribute a significant amount of exhaust emission. Additionally, the fuel-base emission factor (g/L-fuel) ratios were low compared with the distance-base emission factor (g/km) in cold- and hot-start driving. This indicates that the effect of catalyst efficiency was greater than the effect of fuel co...Continue Reading

References

Jan 26, 2005·Accident; Analysis and Prevention·Shao-Hsun Keng

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Citations

Dec 15, 2010·Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association·Ngo Tho HungNguyen Thi Kim Oanh
May 2, 2014·Advanced Materials·Francis Malar AuxiliaHideki Abe

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