Comparison of sulfur amino acid utilization for GSH synthesis between HepG2 cells and cultured rat hepatocytes

Biochemical Pharmacology
S C Lu, H Y Huang

Abstract

HepG2 cells are widely used as a model of human hepatocytes for studies of drug metabolism and toxicity. However, GSH metabolism in HepG2 cells is poorly characterized. This report describes the utilization of sulfur amino acids for GSH synthesis in HepG2 cells. In contrast to primary cultures of rat hepatocytes, which rely mostly on methionine for GSH synthesis, HepG2 cells use cystine. Their inability to utilize methionine for GSH synthesis was not due to lack of methionine uptake or low cellular ATP levels, but rather to the lack of S-adenosyl-methionine synthetase activity. When HepG2 cells were cultured overnight in medium containing cystine as the only sulfur amino acid, addition of glutamate or acivicin had minimal to no effect on cell GSH; however, addition of threonine significantly depleted cell GSH. When cystine (0.18 mM) uptake was measured, glutamate (2.5 mM), which inhibited cystine uptake in cultured rat hepatocytes, had a minimal effect in HepG2 cells. Instead, threonine (20 mM) strongly inhibited the apparent uptake of cystine by HepG2 cells. Strong inhibition by threonine of apparent cystine uptake was actually due to inhibition of cysteine uptake, which resulted from GSH-cystine mixed disulfide exchange. Radi...Continue Reading

References

May 28, 1979·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications·M S KilbergM E Handlogten
Jan 1, 1978·Methods in Enzymology·P MoldéusS Orrenius
Nov 30, 1992·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications·S GoennerN Moatti
Aug 15, 1991·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·A VisvikisG Siest
Nov 5, 1990·Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry·A VisvikisG Siest
Mar 15, 1991·The Biochemical Journal·F V PallardoJ Viña
Nov 1, 1989·Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology·X ShanD P Jones
Sep 1, 1988·Biochemical Pharmacology·S J DuthieM H Grant
Jan 1, 1986·The Journal of Membrane Biology·S Bannai, N Tateishi
Nov 1, 1988·Hepatology : Official Journal of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases·C CabreroJ M Mato
Jan 1, 1988·Hepatology : Official Journal of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases·A M DuceJ M Mato
Jan 1, 1985·Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology·N KaplowitzM Ookhtens
Jan 1, 1981·Methods in Enzymology·A MeisterO W Griffith
Jan 1, 1983·Annual Review of Biochemistry·A Meister, M E Anderson
Sep 1, 1981·Archives internationales de physiologie et de biochimie·J Hoffmann, R Hardeland
Sep 3, 1984·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·S Bannai
Jul 1, 1984·Hepatology : Official Journal of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases·B H LauterburgJ R Mitchell
Jan 1, 1982·The Journal of Membrane Biology·M S Kilberg
Oct 1, 1980·Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics·P W Beatty, D J Reed
Jan 15, 1993·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications·A L RoeD A Casciano

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Jun 18, 2002·Cancer Letters·Makoto OketaniTerukatsu Arima
Sep 22, 2001·Toxicology in Vitro : an International Journal Published in Association with BIBRA·C UraniM Camatini
Feb 5, 2002·Hepatology : Official Journal of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases·Eduardo AnsorenaMatías A Avila
Sep 27, 2014·Mediators of Inflammation·Tim KlüterDeike Varoga
Jan 8, 2013·Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology : Official Journal of the Gesellschaft Für Toxikologische Pathologie·Amel Chatti GazzahHassen Bacha
Sep 29, 2009·Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes, and Essential Fatty Acids·S AbelW C A Gelderblom
Jul 7, 2007·Biotechnology and Bioengineering·Shireesh Srivastava, Christina Chan
Nov 1, 2006·Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology·George Fotakis, John A Timbrell
Mar 9, 2017·BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders·Stefanie Fitschen-OesternTim Klüter
Apr 11, 2009·Molecular Nutrition & Food Research·Carina NielsenErwin Märtlbauer
Jun 13, 2002·FASEB Journal : Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology·Maria L Martínez-ChantarShelly C Lu
Dec 2, 2000·FASEB Journal : Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology·Z Z HuangS C Lu
Nov 25, 2005·American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology·Defeng Wu, Arthur I Cederbaum
Dec 21, 2006·Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry·Joemerson Osório RosadoDiego Bonatto

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.

Related Papers

Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes, and Essential Fatty Acids
N S Gardiner, J R Duncan
Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology. Medical Sciences = Hua Zhong Ke Ji Da Xue Xue Bao. Yi Xue Ying De Wen Ban = Huazhong Keji Daxue Xuebao. Yixue Yingdewen Ban
Aiguo WangAndreas K Nuessler
© 2022 Meta ULC. All rights reserved