Comparison of the efficacy of inactivated combination and modified-live virus vaccines against challenge infection with neuropathogenic equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1)

Vaccine
L B GoodmanN Osterrieder

Abstract

Equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) is a ubiquitous alphaherpesvirus of horses which causes rhinopneumonitis, abortion and myeloencephalopathy. To test the efficacy of commercial vaccines in protection against neurological EHV-1 challenge, groups of five horses were immunized with modified-live virus or an inactivated vaccine, or received placebo. Horses were challenged by aerosol with a recent virus isolate obtained from a case of paralytic EHV-1. The duration of fever decreased significantly in the modified-live virus vaccine group. Three animals in each of the inactivate and control groups showed alterations in neurological status. When compared to the inactivated vaccine, the modified-live virus vaccine induced significantly lower virus-neutralizing antibodies over the course of the study. The modified-live virus vaccine resulted in low EHV-1-specific IgG(T)/IgGa and IgG(T)/IgGb ratios, suggesting a bias towards a cytotoxic immune response. Virus shedding from the nasopharynx was almost undetectable in the modified-live virus group, and was significantly lower when compared to that in the other groups. Normalized lymphocyte viral genome copies were similar for the three groups, although animals vaccinated with the modified-li...Continue Reading

Citations

Nov 14, 2007·PLoS Pathogens·Laura B GoodmanNicholas Davis-Poynter
Feb 15, 2011·Veterinary Research·Gisela Soboll HusseyDavid P Lunn
Apr 2, 2013·Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology·Alison KegganBettina Wagner
Nov 22, 2011·The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Equine Practice·Amy L Johnson
Nov 10, 2009·Virus Research·Margaret M BrosnahanNikolaus Osterrieder
Sep 4, 2009·The Veterinary Journal·Lutz S GoehringMarianne M Sloet van Oldruitenborgh-Oosterbaan
Sep 23, 2008·The Veterinary Journal·Nicola PusterlaGregory L Ferraro
Aug 12, 2008·Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine·G A PerkinsN Osterrieder
Aug 4, 2009·Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine·D P LunnH G G Townsend
Aug 15, 2012·Equine Veterinary Journal·J H KyddB Wagner
Feb 13, 2013·Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine·J L Traub-DargatzK E Bjork
Nov 19, 2014·Equine Veterinary Journal·G A Perkins, B Wagner
Mar 6, 2010·Veterinary Microbiology·Nikolaus Osterrieder, Gerlinde R Van de Walle
Dec 5, 2009·The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science·Koji TSUJIMURATomio MATSUMURA
Dec 24, 2014·American Journal of Veterinary Research·Sarah M KhatibzadehBettina Wagner
May 14, 2016·Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses·Sarah GildeaAnn Cullinane
Sep 22, 2016·Tierärztliche Praxis. Ausgabe G, Grosstiere/Nutztiere·Jasmin WalterNikolaus Osterrieder
Oct 17, 2015·Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation : Official Publication of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians, Inc·Udeni B R BalasuriyaPeter J Timoney
Dec 30, 2011·Clinical and Vaccine Immunology : CVI·Laura B GoodmanBettina Wagner
Apr 6, 2007·Clinical and Vaccine Immunology : CVI·Stephanie JacksWilliam L Castleman
Feb 3, 2006·Expert Review of Vaccines·Cristina T RosasNikolaus Osterrieder
Jun 1, 2019·Veterinary Medicine and Science·Walid AzabAhmed A H Ali
Jun 20, 2020·Equine Veterinary Journal·Nadia T SaklouLutz S Goehring
Mar 30, 2018·Frontiers in Veterinary Science·Rebecca L TallmadgeM Julia B Felippe
Dec 28, 2019·Viruses·Sylvie LecollinetPierre Tritz

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