Comparison of the Factor Structure of the Patient Health Questionnaire for Somatic Symptoms (PHQ-15) in Germany, the Netherlands, and China. A Transcultural Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) Study

Frontiers in Psychiatry
Rainer LeonhartChristina M van der Feltz-Cornelis

Abstract

Background: Persistent somatic symptoms are associated with psychological distress, impaired function, and medical help-seeking behavior. The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-15 is used as a screening instrument for somatization and as a monitoring instrument for somatic symptom severity. A bifactorial model has been described, with one general factor and four orthogonal specific symptom factors. The objective of the present study was to assess and to clarify the factor structure of the PHQ-15 within and between different countries in Western Europe and China. Method: Cross-sectional secondary data analysis performed in three patient data samples from two Western European countries (Germany N = 2,517, the Netherlands N = 456) and from China (N = 1,329). Confirmatory factor analyses (CFA), and structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis were performed. Results: The general factor is found in every sample. However, although the outcomes of the PHQ-15 estimate severity of somatic symptoms in different facets, these subscales may have different meanings in the European and Chinese setting. Replication of the factorial structure was possible in the German and Dutch datasets but not in the dataset from China. For the Chinese datase...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 9, 2019·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Dan GuoFrederick Sundram
Nov 11, 2020·Journal of Traumatic Stress·Laurence Astill WrightJonathan I Bisson
Dec 19, 2020·Stress and Health : Journal of the International Society for the Investigation of Stress·Mark HintonAndrea J Phelps
Feb 12, 2021·Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders·Fahimeh MohagheghDavid Lester
Apr 30, 2021·Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment·Shih-Cheng Liao, Wei-Lieh Huang

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