Comparison of Upper Extremity Physical Characteristics Between Adolescent Competitive Swimmers and Nonoverhead Athletes

Journal of Athletic Training
Elizabeth E HibberdJoseph B Myers

Abstract

Alterations to upper extremity physical characteristics of competitive swimmers (posture, range of motion [ROM], and subacromial-space distance) are commonly attributed to cumulative training load during a swimmer's competitive career. However, this accepted clinical belief has not been established in the literature. It is important to understand whether alterations in posture and associated physical characteristics occur as a result of sport training or factors other than swimming participation to better understand injury risk and possible interventions. To compare posture, subacromial-space distance, and glenohumeral external-rotation, internal-rotation, and horizontal-adduction ROM between adolescent competitive swimmers and nonoverhead athletes. Cross-sectional study. Local swimming pools and high school athletic training rooms. Forty-four competitive adolescent swimmers and 31 nonoverhead athletes who were not currently experiencing any elbow, shoulder, neck, or back pain that limited their sport activity. Posture, subacromial-space distance, and glenohumeral ROM were measured using photography, diagnostic ultrasound, and a digital inclinometer, respectively. Forward shoulder posture, forward head posture, normalized subac...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 21, 2016·The American Journal of Sports Medicine·Elizabeth E HibberdJoseph B Myers
Feb 13, 2017·British Journal of Sports Medicine·Filip StruyfLori A Michener
Mar 27, 2018·European Journal of Sport Science·Y BlacheI Rogowski
Mar 22, 2019·Frontiers in Psychology·Antonio CejudoFernando Santonja-Medina
Dec 8, 2021·European Journal of Sport Science·C M BothaT C S Camacho

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