Compartmented neuronal cultures reveal two distinct mechanisms for alpha herpesvirus escape from genome silencing.

PLoS Pathogens
Orkide O KoyuncuL W Enquist

Abstract

Alpha herpesvirus genomes encode the capacity to establish quiescent infections (i.e. latency) in the peripheral nervous system for the life of their hosts. Multiple times during latency, viral genomes can reactivate to start a productive infection, enabling spread of progeny virions to other hosts. Replication of alpha herpesviruses is well studied in cultured cells and many aspects of productive replication have been identified. However, many questions remain concerning how a productive or a quiescent infection is established. While infections in vivo often result in latency, infections of dissociated neuronal cultures in vitro result in a productive infection unless lytic viral replication is suppressed by DNA polymerase inhibitors or interferon. Using primary peripheral nervous system neurons cultured in modified Campenot tri-chambers, we previously reported that reactivateable, quiescent infections by pseudorabies virus (PRV) can be established in the absence of any inhibitor. Such infections were established in cell bodies only when physically isolated axons were infected at a very low multiplicity of infection (MOI). In this report, we developed a complementation assay in compartmented neuronal cultures to investigate ho...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 30, 2019·Viruses·Nicholas L BairdAbel Viejo-Borbolla
Jul 4, 2018·Future Virology·Orkide O KoyuncuLynn W Enquist
Jan 26, 2022·MBio·Mahsa SorouriDustin C Hancks

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
chemical inhibitor treatment
fluorescence microscopy
dissection
X-ray

Software Mentioned

Adobe Photoshop
ImageJ
Nikon NIS Elements
GranFilter
Excel
Elements
Fiji
GraphPad Prism
NIS

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