Complement in organ transplantation.

Current Opinion in Organ Transplantation
Elham AsgariSteven Sacks

Abstract

The aim of this review is to bring to attention the most recent advances made in understanding the role of complement components in both innate and adaptive immune responses in solid organ transplantation with emphasis on the kidney. Alongside recent findings related to the role of anaphylatoxins in modulating adaptive immune responses, there has been a genomic study to assess the expression of inflammatory markers in kidney transplantation, showing significant involvement of some complement molecules in predicting graft function. Modulators of complement pathway activity such as decay accelerating factor (CD55) and CD59 have also been shown to have a role in graft rejection. Potential new therapeutic targets related to complement proteins are being investigated. The mechanism of rejection in solid organ transplantation is influenced by the initial inflammatory response and subsequent adaptive allo-immune response, both of which have been shown to be affected by various complement components. Due to limitations of existing treatments, new approaches are needed to better control these responses to improve graft survival. Built on an expanding knowledge of complement involvement, targeted blocking of the effector complement molec...Continue Reading

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