Complement inhibitor CD55 governs the integrity of membrane rafts in pancreatic beta cells, but plays no role in insulin secretion

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
Vini NagarajErik Renström

Abstract

CD55 is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein, which inhibits complement activation by acting on the complement C3 convertases. CD55 is widely localized in the cholesterol rich regions of the cell plasma membrane termed membrane rafts. CD55 is attached to these specialized regions via a GPI link on the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane. Membrane rafts anchor many important signaling proteins, which control several cellular functions within the cell. For example, we recently demonstrated that the membrane raft protein and complement inhibitor CD59 also controls insulin secretion by an intracellular mechanism. Therefore, we have in this study aimed at addressing the expression and function of CD55 in pancreatic beta cells. To this end, we observe that CD55 is highly expressed in INS1 832/13 beta cells as well as human pancreatic islets. Diabetic human islets show a tendency for increased expression of CD55 when compared to the healthy controls. Importantly, silencing of CD55 in INS1 832/13 cells does not affect their insulin secretory capacity. On the other hand, silencing of CD55 diminished the intensity of membrane rafts as determined by Atto-SM staining. We hence conclude that CD55 expression is affected by glycem...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 11, 2019·Molecular Immunology·Ramzi A Ajjan, Verena Schroeder
Jun 24, 2021·Seminars in Immunopathology·B C King, A M Blom

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