PMID: 9176032Apr 1, 1997Paper

Complementary and non-coincident increases in heart rate variability and irregularity during fetal development

Clinical Science
L A FleisherS M Pincus

Abstract

1. Two distinct notions of variability have been defined to assess heart rate: deviation from a constant output (SD) and irregularity. One statistical measure of irregularity is approximate entropy, with greater irregularity corresponding to larger approximate entropy values. The specific aims of this investigation were to determine the manner in which SD and irregularity evolve during fetal development and whether this evolution is coincident or distinct. 2. Fetal heart rate was computed in 14 males and 17 females for 15 min of undisturbed recording using a fetal actocardiograph at 4 week intervals from 20 to 36 weeks gestation. 3. Mean heart rate decreased significantly with gestational ages (P < 0.05). SD increased significantly from 4.4 +/- 0.3 ms (SEM) at 20 weeks to 7.7 +/- 0.4 ms at 36 weeks (P < 0.05) and was similar between male and female fetuses (P = 0.57). Fixed approximate entropy increased significantly from 0.47 +/- 0.04 to 0.78 +/- 0.03, paralleling the change in SD (P < 0.01). Notably, normalized approximate entropy, which decorrelates SD from regularity, increased significantly with gestational age (P < 0.01) for males, while it remained relatively constant for females (P = 0.68). Approximate entropy was signi...Continue Reading

Citations

Jan 21, 2016·Early Human Development·Kyu Nam KimJeong-Kyu Hoh
Apr 21, 2004·Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, and Neonatal Nursing : JOGNN·M Terese Verklan, Nikhil S Padhye
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