Complementary contributions of non-REM and REM sleep to visual learning.

Nature Neuroscience
Masako TamakiYuka Sasaki

Abstract

Sleep is beneficial for learning. However, it remains unclear whether learning is facilitated by non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep or by REM sleep, whether it results from plasticity increases or stabilization, and whether facilitation results from learning-specific processing. Here, we trained volunteers on a visual task and measured the excitatory and inhibitory (E/I) balance in early visual areas during subsequent sleep as an index of plasticity. The E/I balance increased during NREM sleep irrespective of whether pre-sleep learning occurred, but it was associated with post-sleep performance gains relative to pre-sleep performance. In contrast, the E/I balance decreased during REM sleep but only after pre-sleep training, and the decrease was associated with stabilization of pre-sleep learning. These findings indicate that NREM sleep promotes plasticity, leading to performance gains independent of learning, while REM sleep decreases plasticity to stabilize learning in a learning-specific manner.

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Citations

Aug 28, 2020·Nature Neuroscience·Sofia I R Pereira, Penelope A Lewis
Jan 8, 2021·STAR Protocols·Sebastian M FrankTakeo Watanabe
Nov 20, 2020·Current Biology : CB·Sebastian M FrankTakeo Watanabe
Jun 16, 2021·Trends in Cognitive Sciences·Randolph F HelfrichRobert T Knight
Jul 25, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Edyta DziadkowiakBogusław Paradowski
Aug 13, 2021·The Neuroscientist : a Review Journal Bringing Neurobiology, Neurology and Psychiatry·Ji Won BangKevin C Chan

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Software Mentioned

Brain Vision Analyzer
BrainVision Recorder
FMRIB
LCModel
Brain Vision Recorder
SPSS
Power
MEGA
psignifit
Matlab

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