Complete definition of immunological correlates of protection and clearance of hepatitis C virus infection: a relevant pending task for vaccine development

International Reviews of Immunology
Liz Alvarez-Lajonchere, S Dueñas-Carrera

Abstract

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infects approximately 3% of global population. This pathogen is one of the main causes of chronic viral hepatitis, cirrhosis, and liver cancer, as well as the principal reason for liver transplant in Western countries. Therapy against HCV infection is effective in only half of treated patients. There is no vaccine available against HCV. Some vaccine candidates have reached the clinical trials but several factors, including the incomplete definition of immunological correlates of protection and treatment-related clearance have slowed down vaccine development. Precisely, the present review discusses the state of the art in the establishment of parameters related with immunity against HCV. Validity and limitations of the information accumulated from chimpanzees and other animal models, analysis of studies in humans infected with HCV, and relevance of aspects like type, strength, duration, and specificity of immune response related to successful outcome are evaluated in detail. Moreover, the immune responses induced in some clinical trials with vaccine candidates resemble the theoretical immunological correlates, raising questions about the validity of those correlates. When all facts are taken together, com...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 19, 2013·Expert Review of Vaccines·Bertrand Bellier, David Klatzmann
Mar 1, 2014·Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry·Daylen Aguilar-NoriegaSantiago Dueñas-Carrera
Feb 15, 2013·Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics·Elodie Beaumont, Philippe Roingeard
Sep 28, 2017·Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition·Afrodite Psaros EinbergBjörn Fischler

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