Abstract
Intestinal transplantation (Itx) remains the most difficult form of transplantation. This is due to the high immunogenicity of the bowel that currently obligates Itx patients to heavy immunosuppression, which causes infection, posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD), and drug toxicity. Wider application of Itx depends on the development of tolerogenic strategies to promote engraftment while reducing the need for immunosuppression. We applied a strategy to clinical Itx that combines intraportal donor-specific blood transfusion with a deliberately low immunosuppression protocol (no high-dose steroids; lower tacrolimus level). A 55-year-old patient received a combined liver/Itx. Donor-specific whole blood was taken from the donor during procurement and transfused in the recipient portal vein after graft reperfusion. For induction immunosuppression, no intravenous bolus of steroids was given; only two doses of anti-interleukin 2 receptor antibody were administered. The patient received posttransplantation maintenance immunosuppression with lower tacrolimus levels than average (15 ng/ml first month; 5-10 ng/ml thereafter), low-dose azathioprine (1 mg/kg first to third months; 0.5 mg/kg thereafter), and low-dose steroids (M...Continue Reading
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