Complete microviscosity maps of living plant cells and tissues with a toolbox of targeting mechanoprobes

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Lucile MichelsJoris Sprakel

Abstract

Mechanical patterns control a variety of biological processes in plants. The microviscosity of cellular structures effects the diffusion rate of molecules and organelles, thereby affecting processes such as metabolism and signaling. Spatial variations in local viscosity are also generated during fundamental events in the cell life cycle. While crucial to a complete understanding of plant mechanobiology, resolving subcellular microviscosity patterns in plants has remained an unsolved challenge. We present an imaging microviscosimetry toolbox of molecular rotors that yield complete microviscosity maps of cells and tissues, specifically targeting the cytosol, vacuole, plasma membrane, and wall of plant cells. These boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY)-based molecular rotors are rigidochromic by means of coupling the rate of an intramolecular rotation, which depends on the mechanics of their direct surroundings, with their fluorescence lifetime. This enables the optical mapping of fluidity and porosity patterns in targeted cellular compartments. We show how apparent viscosity relates to cell function in the root, how the growth of cellular protrusions induces local tension, and how the cell wall is adapted to perform actuation surrounding...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 17, 2020·Macromolecular Rapid Communications·Hanna TraegerStephen Schrettl
Feb 6, 2021·Chemical Society Reviews·Yinjun ChenRint P Sijbesma
Apr 6, 2021·The Journal of Physical Chemistry. B·Navleen KaurVenus Singh Mithu
May 1, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Joanna SkrzydełDorota Kwiatkowska
Mar 29, 2021·The New Phytologist·Sarah Robinson
Jul 8, 2021·Plant & Cell Physiology·Noriyoshi YagiMasayoshi Nakamura
Jan 5, 2021·The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters·Alessio Zaccone, Laurence Noirez
Aug 28, 2021·Chemical Science·Jonathan T HusbandRachel K O'Reilly
Sep 30, 2021·The Plant Cell·Leia ColinYvon Jaillais

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
atomic force microscopy
fluorescence recovery after photobleaching
NMR
column chromatography

Software Mentioned

SPCImage

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