Complex response of the forest nitrogen cycle to climate change.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Susana BernalDon C Buso

Abstract

Climate exerts a powerful influence on biological processes, but the effects of climate change on ecosystem nutrient flux and cycling are poorly resolved. Although rare, long-term records offer a unique opportunity to disentangle effects of climate from other anthropogenic influences. Here, we examine the longest and most complete record of watershed nutrient and climate dynamics available worldwide, which was collected at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest in the northeastern United States. We used empirical analyses and model calculations to distinguish between effects of climate change and past perturbations on the forest nitrogen (N) cycle. We find that climate alone cannot explain the occurrence of a dramatic >90% drop in watershed nitrate export over the past 46 y, despite longer growing seasons and higher soil temperatures. The strongest climate influence was an increase in soil temperature accompanied by a shift in paths of soil water flow within the watershed, but this effect explained, at best, only ∼40% of the nitrate decline. In contrast, at least 50-60% of the observed change in the N export could be explained by the long-lasting effect of forest cutting in the early 1900s on the N cycle of the soil and vegetati...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 12, 2013·Oecologia·Sebastian Leuzinger, Stephan Hättenschwiler
May 30, 2013·Environmental Monitoring and Assessment·M Alisa Mast
Jul 20, 2012·Environmental Science & Technology·Yunting FangMuneoki Yoh
Oct 5, 2013·Environmental Science & Technology·Keith N EshlemanKathleen M Kline
Nov 5, 2014·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Sarah K WexlerPeter M Groffman
Jun 6, 2013·Ecological Applications : a Publication of the Ecological Society of America·E B RastetterS P Hamburg
Jul 9, 2014·Ecology·Kendra K McLauchlanTroy W Ocheltree
Oct 7, 2015·Journal of Environmental Management·Thomas DirnböckRalf Kiese
May 21, 2014·The New Phytologist·Scott A ParsonsIvan R Lawler
Jun 24, 2016·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Emma J Rosi-MarshallGene E Likens
Mar 23, 2013·Nature·Kendra K McLauchlanElizabeth S Jeffers
May 24, 2016·Ecological Applications : a Publication of the Ecological Society of America·Richard W LucasHjalmar Laudon
Mar 31, 2019·Nature Communications·Minjin LeeP C D Milly
Jul 25, 2019·Nature Ecology & Evolution·Joseph M CraineChristiane Werner
Oct 24, 2018·Nature Ecology & Evolution·Joseph M CraineKatarzyna Zmudczyńska-Skarbek
Oct 2, 2019·Frontiers in Plant Science·Jonathan GewirtzmanJoanna C Carey
Jan 17, 2021·The Science of the Total Environment·Wim W WesselAlbert Tietema
Sep 21, 2013·Environmental Science & Technology·Ruth D YanaiCharles T Driscoll
Nov 11, 2014·Environmental Science & Technology·M Alisa MastGregory A Wetherbee
Jan 31, 2018·Environmental Science & Technology·Zhibo LuoBing Zhu

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