Compliance with legal requirements at community pharmacies: a cross sectional study from Pakistan

The International Journal of Pharmacy Practice
Azhar HussainZaheer-ud-Din Baber

Abstract

The study evaluated the compliance of community pharmacies with legal requirements as laid down by the drug regulatory framework in Pakistan. An exploratory cross sectional survey was conducted with a total of 371 randomly selected community pharmacies in three cities in Pakistan, namely Islamabad (n = 118), Peshawar (n = 120) and Lahore (n = 133). A questionnaire was developed and finalized by focus-group discussions and pilot testing. The questionnaire included background information and a legal requirement scale consisting of six subscales: licensing requirements, premises requirements, storage requirements, documentation requirements, narcotics section requirements and prescription checking. The data were coded, entered and analysed using SPSS software (version 16). Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney and chi square tests were used for analysis. The pharmacies were operating with one of the three licence types operating in Pakistan: type A (n = 96, 25.9%), type B (n = 186, 50.1%) and type C (n = 89, 24.0%). A narcotics licence was issued to 133 (35.8%) pharmacies; licences of 66 (17.8%) pharmacies were expired while the validity of 87 (23.0%) licences could not be determined. Only 113 (30.5%) pharmacies were totally clean. Eighty ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 28, 2015·Research in Social & Administrative Pharmacy : RSAP·Saeed Ahmad KhanShaukat Sahad
Apr 28, 2016·Research in Social & Administrative Pharmacy : RSAP·Ahsan SaleemJahangir Khan
Sep 14, 2016·SAGE Open Medicine·Bhupendra Kumar Poudel, Itsuko Ishii
Jan 10, 2019·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Muhammad Majid AzizYu Fang
Apr 23, 2020·Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice·Gohar Qadeer, Mohamed Ezzat Khamis Amin
Jul 1, 2017·Therapeutic Innovation & Regulatory Science·Chuo Yew TingAbu Hassan Alshaari Abd Jabar
Aug 11, 2020·Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice·Zikria SaleemAzhar Hussain
Jan 8, 2021·Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice·Zaheer-Ud-Din Babar

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