Complications of Diabetes: An Insight into Genetic Polymorphism and Role of Insulin

Recent Patents on Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery
Sobia AleemMuhammad K Abid

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is an advanced and chronic endocrine disorder characterized by an insufficiency of insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells and liver, adipose tissues, and skeletal muscles. The main objective of this study is to understand the mechanism and genes which are responsible for the prevalence of diabetes. The study also covers various types of diabetic complications with special reference to insulin role and defects. The scientific literature and patents were reviewed and analyzed based on their suitability and relevance to the theme of the study. The scientific literature was covered from the authentic databases such as Elsevier, Springer, and Bentham Science. The patents were reviewed from http://www.freepatentsonline.com. Glucokinase (ATP: D-glucose-6-phosphotransferase; GCK), initiates glycolysis and acts as a glucose sensor and metabolic signal producer in liver and pancreas. PCR-sequencing showed qualitative differences in diabetic patients in comparison to healthy subjects. Glucokinase is the most important component in glucose detection of pancreatic islet beta cells in diabetes because glucokinase mutations can be one of the most common single gene disorders described. It is known that a genetic vari...Continue Reading

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