Composition, taxonomy and functional diversity of the oropharynx microbiome in individuals with schizophrenia and controls

PeerJ
Eduardo Castro-NallarKeith A Crandall

Abstract

The role of the human microbiome in schizophrenia remains largely unexplored. The microbiome has been shown to alter brain development and modulate behavior and cognition in animals through gut-brain connections, and research in humans suggests that it may be a modulating factor in many disorders. This study reports findings from a shotgun metagenomic analysis of the oropharyngeal microbiome in 16 individuals with schizophrenia and 16 controls. High-level differences were evident at both the phylum and genus levels, with Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria dominating both schizophrenia patients and controls, and Ascomycota being more abundant in schizophrenia patients than controls. Controls were richer in species but less even in their distributions, i.e., dominated by fewer species, as opposed to schizophrenia patients. Lactic acid bacteria were relatively more abundant in schizophrenia, including species of Lactobacilli and Bifidobacterium, which have been shown to modulate chronic inflammation. We also found Eubacterium halii, a lactate-utilizing species. Functionally, the microbiome of schizophrenia patients was characterized by an increased number of metabolic pathways related to metabolite trans...Continue Reading

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
PRJNA255439

Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR
electrophoresis
RNAseq

Software Mentioned

PathoMap
Bioconductor
PhyloSeq
PathoScope
PRINSEQ
plyr
LEfSe
MaAsLin
UBLAST
PathoLib

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