Computed Tomographic Morphometric Analysis of Pediatric C1 Posterior Arch Crossing Screw Fixation for Atlantoaxial Instability

Spine
Wei JiQing-An Zhu

Abstract

A CT-based study of pediatric atlas. The aim of this study was to identify morphometric patterns and dimensions of the pediatric C1 posterior arch to establish guidelines for the posterior arch crossing screw (PACS) fixation. The PACS fixation is an alternative or supplement to the C1 lateral mass screw or pedicle screw constructs. However, the anatomic feasibility of this technique has not been well documented in the pediatric population. A total of 123 pediatric patients were assigned into 6 groups based on age at an interval of 3 years. The C1 posterior arch unsuited to PACS fixation was classified as type 1 with synchondrosis, and type 2 without synchondrosis. Three subtypes of type 2 were included: the underdeveloped tubercle, the flat arch, and the undersized tubercle (height < 7 mm or width < 3.5 mm), respectively. The C1 posterior tubercle height and arch width, the projected PACS length and angle were measured, respectively. There were 19 patients of type 1 and 68 patients of type 2. Type 1 was mostly found in patients under age 3 years, whereas type 2 was largely observed in patients older than 4 years. The tubercle size was the most limiting variable for successful PACS placement. The PACS fixation was feasible for 4...Continue Reading

References

Aug 1, 1996·Journal of Neurosurgery·C G ParamoreV K Sonntag
Nov 1, 1952·Radiology·D K BAILEY
Aug 26, 2006·Journal of Pediatric Orthopedics·Christopher W Reilly, Rachel L Choit
Oct 25, 2006·Skeletal Radiology·Geetika Khanna, Georges Y El-Khoury
Jan 6, 2009·Journal of Neurosurgery. Pediatrics·Nicholas AuYong, Joseph Piatt
Apr 10, 2009·European Spine Journal : Official Publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society·Gregory G HeuerPhillip B Storm
Jun 3, 2009·Journal of Neurosurgery. Pediatrics·Atif HaqueDavid J Sacco
Feb 4, 2010·Journal of Spinal Disorders & Techniques·Rasesh DesaiFrancesco T Mangano
Oct 25, 2011·AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology·Joseph J JunewickCharles R Luttenton
Sep 28, 2012·Child's Nervous System : ChNS : Official Journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery·Akash J PatelAndrew Jea
Aug 21, 2013·The Spine Journal : Official Journal of the North American Spine Society·James M LinCharles A Reitman
Sep 6, 2013·The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American Volume·Raj D RaoNarayan Yoganandan

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations


❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.