Concentration Dependence of Dopant Electronic Structure in Bottom-up Graphene Nanoribbons

Nano Letters
Zahra PedramraziMichael F Crommie

Abstract

Bottom-up fabrication techniques enable atomically precise integration of dopant atoms into the structure of graphene nanoribbons (GNRs). Such dopants exhibit perfect alignment within GNRs and behave differently from bulk semiconductor dopants. The effect of dopant concentration on the electronic structure of GNRs, however, remains unclear despite its importance in future electronics applications. Here we use scanning tunneling microscopy and first-principles calculations to investigate the electronic structure of bottom-up synthesized N = 7 armchair GNRs featuring varying concentrations of boron dopants. First-principles calculations of freestanding GNRs predict that the inclusion of boron atoms into a GNR backbone should induce two sharp dopant states whose energy splitting varies with dopant concentration. Scanning tunneling spectroscopy experiments, however, reveal two broad dopant states with an energy splitting greater than expected. This anomalous behavior results from an unusual hybridization between the dopant states and the Au(111) surface, with the dopant-surface interaction strength dictated by the dopant orbital symmetry.

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Citations

Dec 13, 2019·Advanced Materials·Xiahong Zhou, Gui Yu
Sep 19, 2020·Advanced Materials·Zongping ChenKlaus Müllen
Jun 9, 2021·Chemical Society Reviews·R S Koen HoutsmaMeike Stöhr
Nov 24, 2020·The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters·Rafal ZuzakSzymon Godlewski
Jul 4, 2019·Journal of the American Chemical Society·Fugui XuYiyong Mai
Jun 9, 2020·The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters·Yande QueXudong Xiao
Sep 23, 2020·Chemical Reviews·Tomojit ChowdhuryThomas J Kempa
Nov 30, 2021·ACS Nano·Daniel J RizzoMichael F Crommie

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