Conceptus signals for establishment and maintenance of pregnancy

Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology : RB&E
Thomas E Spencer, Fuller W Bazer

Abstract

Establishment and maintenance of pregnancy results from signaling by the conceptus (embryo/fetus and associated extraembryonic membranes) and requires progesterone produced by the corpus luteum (CL). In most mammals, hormones produced by the trophoblast maintain progesterone production by acting directly or indirectly to maintain the CL. In domestic animals (ruminants and pigs), hormones from the trophoblast are antiluteolytic in that they act on the endometrium to prevent uterine release of luteolytic prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF). In cyclic and pregnant sheep, progesterone negatively autoregulates expression of the progesterone receptor (PR) gene in the endometrial luminal (LE) and superficial glandular epithelium (GE). Available evidence in cyclic sheep indicates that loss of the PR is closely followed by increases in epithelial estrogen receptors (ER) and then oxytocin receptors (OTR), allowing oxytocin to induce uterine release of luteolytic PGF pulses. In pregnant sheep, the conceptus trophoblast produces interferon tau (IFN tau) that acts on the endometrium to inhibit transcription of the ER alpha gene directly and the OTR gene indirectly to abrogate development of the endometrial luteolytic mechanism. Subsequently, seque...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 19, 2006·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Kathrin A DunlapThomas E Spencer
Sep 18, 2010·Molecular Human Reproduction·G TeklenburgJan J Brosens
Mar 17, 2012·Biology of Reproduction·Monika A Ward
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Oct 21, 2005·Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology : RB&E·Elsebeth Staun-Ram, Eliezer Shalev
May 25, 2011·The Journal of Reproduction and Development·Hanako BaiKazuhiko Imakawa
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Dec 9, 2008·Reproduction : the Official Journal of the Society for the Study of Fertility·Gwonhwa SongThomas E Spencer
Jul 29, 2009·Reproduction : the Official Journal of the Society for the Study of Fertility·Hyo Won AhnThomas E Spencer
Dec 25, 2009·Reproduction : the Official Journal of the Society for the Study of Fertility·Magdalena MajewskaDariusz J Skarzynski
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Sep 10, 2016·Molecular Reproduction and Development·Beenu Moza JalaliDariusz J Skarzynski
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Jan 25, 2007·Reproduction : the Official Journal of the Society for the Study of Fertility·Gwonhwa SongThomas E Spencer
Feb 2, 2008·Reproduction : the Official Journal of the Society for the Study of Fertility·Thomas E SpencerEckhard Wolf

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