Concise Review: Paracrine Role of Stem Cells in Pituitary Tumors: A Focus on Adamantinomatous Craniopharyngioma

Stem Cells
Juan Pedro Martinez-Barbera, Cynthia L Andoniadou

Abstract

The existence of tissue-specific progenitor/stem cells in the adult pituitary gland of the mouse has been demonstrated recently using genetic tracing experiments. These cells have the capacity to differentiate into all of the different cell lineages of the anterior pituitary and self-propagate in vitro and can therefore contribute to normal homeostasis of the gland. In addition, they play a critical role in tumor formation, specifically in the etiology of human adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma, a clinically relevant tumor that is associated with mutations in CTNNB1 (gene encoding β-catenin). Mouse studies have shown that only pituitary embryonic precursors or adult stem cells are able to generate tumors when targeted with oncogenic β-catenin, suggesting that the cell context is critical for mutant β-catenin to exert its oncogenic effect. Surprisingly, the bulk of the tumor cells are not derived from the mutant progenitor/stem cells, suggesting that tumors are induced in a paracrine manner. Therefore, the cell sustaining the mutation in β-catenin and the cell-of-origin of the tumors are different. In this review, we will discuss the in vitro and in vivo evidence demonstrating the presence of stem cells in the adult pituitary a...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 18, 2016·Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology·Charlotte SteenblockStefan R Bornstein
Feb 7, 2018·Pituitary·Maria Chiara Zatelli
Sep 1, 2017·The Journal of Endocrinology·Scott HastonJuan Pedro Martinez-Barbera
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Feb 16, 2021·Frontiers in Endocrinology·Emma LaporteHugo Vankelecom

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
flow cytometry
transgenic

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