Concordance of the circadian clock with the environment is necessary to maximize fitness in natural populations

Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution
Kevin J EmersonChristina M Holzapfel

Abstract

The ubiquity of endogenous, circadian (daily) clocks among eukaryotes has long been held as evidence that they serve an adaptive function, usually cited as the ability to properly time biological events in concordance with the daily cycling of the environment. Herein we test directly whether fitness is a function of the matching of the period of an organism's circadian clock with that of its environment. We find that fitness, measured as the per capita expectation of future offspring, a composite measure of fitness incorporating both survivorship and reproduction, is maximized in environments that are integral multiples of the period of the organism's circadian clock. Hence, we show that organisms require temporal concordance between their internal circadian clocks and their external environment to maximize fitness and thus the long-held assumption is true that, having evolved in a 24-h world, circadian clocks are adaptive.

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Citations

Feb 5, 2009·Journal of Comparative Physiology. A, Neuroethology, Sensory, Neural, and Behavioral Physiology·Kevin J EmersonChristina M Holzapfel
Sep 4, 2013·Journal of Theoretical Biology·Henrique C Giacomini, Brian J Shuter
Sep 19, 2009·Molecular BioSystems·Katharine E HubbardAlex A R Webb
Dec 1, 2010·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Matthew A JonesStacey L Harmer
Oct 20, 2010·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Jessica L AndrewsKaryn A Esser
Nov 1, 2009·Integrative and Comparative Biology·Wilbur P WilliamsLance J Kriegsfeld
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