Concurrent positive and negative goalbox events produce runway behaviors comparable to those of cocaine-reinforced rats

Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior
T D Geist, A Ettenberg

Abstract

Rats traversing a straight-alley for reinforcing stimuli typically exhibit faster running times as training proceeds. In previous work from this laboratory, animals running for a reinforcement consisting of intravenous infusions of cocaine, unexpectedly demonstrated a progressive increased time to enter the goalbox over trials. Closer observation revealed that the animals were exhibiting a unique retreat behavior (i.e., stopping their forward advance toward the goalbox and returning toward the startbox). It was hypothesized that the retreat behavior reflected an inherent conflict that originated from concurrent positive and negative associations with the goalbox. Such associations were attributed to cocaine's dual and well documented reinforcing and anxiogenic effects. To test this idea, the present study compared the runway behavior of animals that concurrently received food and mild foot shock in the goalbox to the behavior of the other animals running for cocaine. Results demonstrated that food + shock reinforced animals took longer to enter the goalbox and made more retreats than a control group that received only food in the goalbox. Both these effects were reversed by pretreatment with the anticonflict, anxiolytic drug, d...Continue Reading

References

Aug 25, 1992·European Journal of Pharmacology·K MenkensF Porreca
Oct 1, 1992·Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior·R Rogerio, R N Takahashi
Mar 1, 1992·Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior·X M YangN E Goeders
Jan 1, 1991·Behavior Genetics·P Koene, J M Vossen
Jan 1, 1991·Psychopharmacology·A Ettenberg, T D Geist
Jan 1, 1990·Behaviour Research and Therapy·B J CoxN S Endler
Jan 1, 1989·Life Sciences·D J Fontana, R L Commissaris
Jan 1, 1985·Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews·R G Lister
Jan 1, 1987·Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior·T Yamamoto, S Ueki
Nov 1, 1988·Alcohol·S L DalterioR J Hartmann
Oct 1, 1987·Behavioural Brain Research·C SpyrakiD D Varonos
Apr 1, 1984·The International Journal of the Addictions·J V Spotts, F C Shontz

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Feb 26, 2009·Psychopharmacology·Ami CohenAaron Ettenberg
Mar 17, 2004·Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews·Aaron Ettenberg
Dec 22, 2000·Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior·H H López, A Ettenberg
Feb 7, 2002·Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior·Ronald E See
Jun 14, 2002·Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior·Lori A KnackstedtAaron Ettenberg
Sep 19, 2003·Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior·William L Woolverton
Nov 5, 1999·Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior·A EttenbergB D Necessary
Dec 22, 1998·Brain Research. Brain Research Reviews·K C Berridge, T E Robinson
Apr 18, 2008·Neuropsychopharmacology : Official Publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology·Jose A CrespoGerald Zernig
Oct 6, 2011·Nature Reviews. Neuroscience·Aldo BadianiYavin Shaham
Jun 7, 2007·Behavioural Pharmacology·Ami Cohen, Aaron Ettenberg
Feb 12, 2011·Addiction Biology·Kerry A KerstetterTod E Kippin
Oct 1, 2011·Addiction Biology·Eric AugierSerge H Ahmed
Nov 13, 2004·Pharmacology·Gudrun WakoniggGerald Zernig
Nov 11, 2011·The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience·Erin B LarsonDavid W Self
Apr 26, 2013·The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience·Thomas C JhouSatoshi Ikemoto
Apr 14, 2005·Learning & Behavior·David N Kearns, Stanley J Weiss
Nov 20, 2013·Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior·Jacob M ClokeFrancesco Leri
Apr 6, 2004·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Joseph A KimHoward L Fields
Feb 24, 2007·Progress in Neurobiology·Christian P MüllerMaria A De Souza Silva
Sep 20, 2011·Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience·Caitlin DrescherNicole L Schramm-Sapyta
Aug 4, 2011·Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior·Janani M VishwanathAnthony L Riley
Nov 27, 2010·Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior·Aaron EttenbergOsnat Ben-Shahar
Oct 20, 2006·Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior·L A KnackstedtA Ettenberg
Oct 27, 2004·Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior·Daniel Guzman, Aaron Ettenberg
Nov 27, 2008·Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior·Aaron Ettenberg
Mar 22, 2019·Addiction Biology·Caroline B Pantazis, Gary Aston-Jones
Apr 28, 2000·Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior·L V PanlilioC W Schindler
Jun 19, 2018·Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience·David NguyenRutsuko Ito

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.