Condom effectiveness: where are we now?

Sexual Health
Richard Crosby, Sarah Bounse

Abstract

After performing a review of prospective cohort evaluations, a focussed assessment of the current knowledge base and methodology pertaining to condom effectiveness against sexually transmissible infections, including HIV, was also conducted. Key observations included the point that studies of condom effectiveness are inherently complex and the potential forms of study bias all generally favour the null hypothesis. Perhaps the most challenging obstacle to rigor in these studies lies in determining which events of condom-protected sex occurred before infection as opposed to after infection when, in fact, infection occurs. This problem leads to misclassification bias; however, other sources of misclassification bias are common. Greater attention to the selection of a recall period, improved precision of self-reported measures, and accounting for condom use errors and problems are critical steps that must occur to promote rigor in these studies. Despite multiple shortcomings, prospective studies of condom effectiveness provide a reasonably favourable evaluation. Subsequent studies, however, should be designed to greatly reduce the error variance that predisposes condom effectiveness studies to type 2 errors that mask the potential ...Continue Reading

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Dec 12, 2012·Current HIV/AIDS Reports·Richard A Crosby
May 7, 2013·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·Christine M Pierce CampbellAnna R Giuliano
May 7, 2013·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·Susan Hariri, Lee Warner
Sep 12, 2014·American Journal of Public Health·Richard A CrosbyStephanie N Taylor
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Aug 13, 2013·The Journal of Adolescent Health : Official Publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine·Stephanie A S StarasKelli A Komro
Sep 7, 2014·Annals of Epidemiology·Richard A CrosbyWilliam L Yarber
Apr 12, 2014·Health Education & Behavior : the Official Publication of the Society for Public Health Education·Richard A CrosbyLydia A Shrier
Dec 6, 2014·American Journal of Men's Health·Cynthia A GrahamWilliam L Yarber
Mar 22, 2014·International Journal of STD & AIDS·Richard A CrosbyWilliam L Yarber
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Feb 22, 2012·Sexual Health·Richard A Crosby, Willard Cates
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Mar 16, 2017·Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences·Arezoo ToopchianHaidar Nadrian

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