Conflicting views on chemical carcinogenesis arising from the design and evaluation of rodent carcinogenicity studies

Environmental Health Perspectives
Ronald L MelnickJohn R Bucher

Abstract

Conflicting views have been expressed frequently on assessments of human cancer risk of environmental agents based on animal carcinogenicity data; this is primarily because of uncertainties associated with extrapolations of toxicologic findings from studies in experimental animals to human circumstances. Underlying these uncertainties are issues related to how experiments are designed, how rigorously hypotheses are tested, and to what extent assertions extend beyond actual findings. National and international health agencies regard carcinogenicity findings in well-conducted experimental animal studies as evidence of potential carcinogenic risk to humans. Controversies arise when both positive and negative carcinogenicity data exist for a specific agent or when incomplete mechanistic data suggest a possible species difference in response. Issues of experimental design and evaluation that might contribute to disparate results are addressed in this article. To serve as reliable sources of data for the evaluation of the carcinogenic potential of environmental agents, experimental studies must include a) animal models that are sensitive to the end points under investigation; b) detailed characterization of the agent and the administ...Continue Reading

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Jan 17, 2008·Environmental Health Perspectives·Leslie I Boden, David Ozonoff
Sep 21, 2013·Environmental Health Perspectives·Jeffrey S GiftJohn J Vandenberg
May 28, 2010·Toxicology and Industrial Health·Grazyna KostkaBozena Wiadrowska
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Jul 7, 2009·Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety·Maciej StepnikKonrad Rydzyński

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
chromosomal aberrations

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