Congenital Zika syndrome: Pitfalls in the placental barrier

Reviews in Medical Virology
Nia RobinsonMaria G Zavala-Cerna

Abstract

Much progress with respect to congenital Zika virus (ZIKV) pathogenesis has been achieved after the 2015 outbreak in Brazil. It is now accepted that ZIKV is vertically transmitted, infects cells of the developing central nervous system and the placenta, yet it is unclear to what extent placental affection contributes to the development of congenital ZIKV. The association between fulminant villitis and severe fetal involvement emerges as a possibility. ZIKV is unique among the Flaviviruses in its ability to be sexually transmitted, possibly responsible for its teratogenicity. Furthermore, there is controversy over the participation of antibody dependent enhancement (ADE) in patients with non-neutralizing anti-Flavivirus antibodies, a phenomenon previously recognized in serious DENV infections. Our aim was to analyze information regarding the contribution of the placental barrier as an actual player in neonatal ZIKV. Therefore, we underwent a systematic review with keywords "Zika virus" and "ZIKV". Articles were screened for relevance concerning the topics of microcephaly, transplacental transmission, sexual transmission, and ADE. We identified variables that affect the severity of congenital Zika syndrome: age of gestation at ma...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 28, 2019·Virulence·Brooke LiangIndira U Mysorekar
Dec 16, 2020·PloS One·Danielle A FreitasMayumi D Wakimoto
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Oct 13, 2021·Journal of Medical Virology·Damiana Antônia de Fátima NunesJosé Carlos de Magalhães

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