Conserved presence of G-quadruplex forming sequences in the Long Terminal Repeat Promoter of Lentiviruses

Scientific Reports
Rosalba PerroneSara N Richter

Abstract

G-quadruplexes (G4s) are secondary structures of nucleic acids that epigenetically regulate cellular processes. In the human immunodeficiency lentivirus 1 (HIV-1), dynamic G4s are located in the unique viral LTR promoter. Folding of HIV-1 LTR G4s inhibits viral transcription; stabilization by G4 ligands intensifies this effect. Cellular proteins modulate viral transcription by inducing/unfolding LTR G4s. We here expanded our investigation on the presence of LTR G4s to all lentiviruses. G4s in the 5'-LTR U3 region were completely conserved in primate lentiviruses. A G4 was also present in a cattle-infecting lentivirus. All other non-primate lentiviruses displayed hints of less stable G4s. In primate lentiviruses, the possibility to fold into G4s was highly conserved among strains. LTR G4 sequences were very similar among phylogenetically related primate viruses, while they increasingly differed in viruses that diverged early from a common ancestor. A strong correlation between primate lentivirus LTR G4s and Sp1/NFκB binding sites was found. All LTR G4s folded: their complexity was assessed by polymerase stop assay. Our data support a role of the lentiviruses 5'-LTR G4 region as control centre of viral transcription, where foldin...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 22, 2018·Journal of Nucleic Acids·Petra KrafčíkováViktor Víglaský
Feb 14, 2019·Journal of Biomaterials Applications·Ling ZhangJinke Wang
Jul 29, 2020·Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry·Vladimir B TsvetkovAndrey V Aralov
Dec 14, 2018·PLoS Computational Biology·Enrico LavezzoStefano Toppo
May 6, 2020·Viruses·Rayhane NchiouaFrank Kirchhoff
Mar 20, 2018·Nucleic Acids Research·Emanuela Ruggiero, Sara N Richter
Oct 7, 2020·Biological Chemistry·Philipp Schult, Katrin Paeschke
May 14, 2019·ACS Infectious Diseases·Emanuela RuggieroSara N Richter
Oct 10, 2018·Journal of the American Chemical Society·Elena ButovskayaAnh Tuân Phan

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