Construction of novel Brassica napus genotypes through chromosomal substitution and elimination using interploid species hybridization

Chromosome Research : an International Journal on the Molecular, Supramolecular and Evolutionary Aspects of Chromosome Biology
Maoteng LiZongyun Li

Abstract

A synthetic Brassica napus rapeseed with genome composition of A(r)A(r)C(c)C(c), made by combining A(r) from B. rapa (A(r)A(r)) and C(c) from B. carinata (B(c)B(c)C(c)C(c)), is valuable for making new genes available to breeders and gaining heterosis in crosses. An intergenomic hybrid A(n)A(r)C(n)C(c) was made from a hybrid between natural Brassica napus (A(n)A(n)C(n)C(n)) and a synthetic rapeseed. To construct the synthetic Brassica napus, hexaploid plants (2n=54, A(r)A(r)B(c)B(c)C(c)C(c)) were first obtained through chromosome doubling of trigenomic hybrids (2n=27, A(r)B(c)C(c)) between Brassica carinata (2n=34) and B. rapa (2n=20). Pentaploid hybrids (2n=46, A(r)A(n)B(c)C(c)C(n)) were then produced by crossing the hexaploid with the pollen of natural B. napus (2n=38). Chromosomes with dual and single B(c) genomes were observed in somatic cells of hexaploid and pentaploid plants. About 80% of pollen mother cells of pentaploid hybrids had 19 or more bivalents, indicating that the bivalents from A(r)/A(n) and C(c)/C(n) chromosomes were normally formed. The occurrence of trivalents and quadrivalents at diakinesis suggested that B(c), A(n) and A(r) or B(c), C(n) and C(c) homologous pairing and exchange might happen. The variable ...Continue Reading

Citations

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