Contact-dependent interference with invariant NKT cell activation by herpes simplex virus-infected cells.

The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists
Lidija BosnjakJ K Sandberg

Abstract

Invariant CD1d-restricted NKT (iNKT) cells play important roles in generating protective immune responses against infections. In this study, we have investigated the role of human iNKT cells in HSV-1 infection and their interaction with epidermal keratinocytes. These cells express CD1d and are the primary target of the virus. Keratinocytes loaded with α-galactosyl ceramide (α-GalCer) could stimulate IFN-γ production and CD25 upregulation by iNKT cells. However, both α-GalCer-dependent and cytokine-dependent activation of iNKT cells was impaired after coculture with HSV-1-infected cells. Notably, CD1d downregulation was not observed on infected keratinocytes, which were also found to inhibit TCR-independent iNKT cell activation. Further examination of the cytokine profile of iNKT-keratinocyte cocultures showed inhibition of IFN-γ, IL-5, IL-10, IL-13, and IL-17 secretion but upregulation of IL-4 and TNF-α after the infection. Moreover, cell-to-cell contact between infected keratinocytes and iNKT cells was required for the inhibition of activation, as the cell-free supernatants containing virus did not affect activation. Productive infection of iNKT cells was however not required for the inhibitory effect. After coculture with inf...Continue Reading

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Aug 24, 2012·PLoS Pathogens·Jennifer A JunoKeith R Fowke
Jun 22, 2016·Viral Immunology·Jianyun LiuRandy R Brutkiewicz
Apr 21, 2018·European Journal of Immunology·Dominic Paquin-ProulxNiklas K Björkström
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Apr 5, 2018·Frontiers in Immunology·Günther Schönrich, Martin J Raftery
Jun 3, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Nadine Beckmann, Katrin Anne Becker

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