Containment of herbicide resistance through genetic engineering of the chloroplast genome

Nature Biotechnology
H DaniellS B Lee

Abstract

Glyphosate is a potent herbicide. It works by competitive inhibition of the enzyme 5-enol-pyruvyl shikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS), which catalyzes an essential step in the aromatic amino acid biosynthetic pathway. We report the genetic engineering of herbicide resistance by stable integration of the petunia EPSPS gene into the tobacco chloroplast genome using the tobacco or universal vector. Southern blot analysis confirms stable integration of the EPSPS gene into all of the chloroplast genomes (5000-10,000 copies per cell) of transgenic plants. Seeds obtained after the first self-cross of transgenic plants germinated and grew normally in the presence of the selectable marker, whereas the control seedlings were bleached. While control plants were extremely sensitive to glyphosate, transgenic plants survived sprays of high concentrations of glyphosate. Chloroplast transformation provides containment of foreign genes because plastid transgenes are not transmitted by pollen. The escape of foreign genes via pollen is a serious environmental concern in nuclear transgenic plants because of the high rates of gene flow from crops to wild weedy relatives.

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Citations

Apr 1, 2006·TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik·Henry DaniellRobert K Jansen
May 31, 2007·TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik·Christopher SaskiJihong Liu Clarke
Jun 1, 2010·Environmental Management·Hong S MoonC Neal Stewart
May 11, 2005·Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology·Danika L LeDuc, Norman Terry
Dec 18, 2004·Plant Molecular Biology·Nathalie DufourmantelGhislaine Tissot
Dec 18, 2004·Plant Molecular Biology·Shashi KumarHenry Daniell
Oct 22, 2005·Plant Molecular Biology·Cilia L C LeliveltJacqueline M Nugent
Oct 26, 2005·Plant Molecular Biology·Christopher SaskiRobert K Jansen
Feb 4, 2011·Plant Molecular Biology·Soon LimAkiho Yokota
Mar 26, 2011·Plant Molecular Biology·Jihong Liu Clarke, Henry Daniell
Jan 28, 2005·Transgenic Research·Mikhajlo K ZubkotAnil Day
Jun 17, 2006·Transgenic Research·Nathalie DufourmantelManuel Dubald
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