Contamination Level, Source Identification and Risk Assessment of Potentially Toxic Elements (PTEs) and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Street Dust of an Important Commercial Center in Iran

Environmental Management
Behnam KeshavarziAli Najmeddin

Abstract

The geochemical nature and health hazards of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the street dust of Bandar Abbas, Iran, are investigated in this study based on 27 street dust samples. Mean concentrations of Cu, Pb, Zn, As, Sb, and Hg revealed elevated concentrations as compared to the world soil average. Calculated enrichment factors (EFs) indicated that there is very high contamination in dust particles owing to anthropogenic emissions. Two main sources of PTEs are traffic emissions (Cu, Pb, Zn, Co, Mn, Fe, As, Cd, Sb, and Hg) and resuspended soil particles (Al, Ti, Ni, and Cr). Statistical analysis shows that Al, Mn, Ni, Ti, Cr, Fe, and Co are geogenic, whereas PAHs are mainly derived from traffic emissions. Values of incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR), as derived from a modified model of the United State Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), indicate that Bandar Abbas residents are potentially exposed to high cancer risk, especially via dust ingestion and dermal contact, whereas the level of hazard index (HI), hazard quotients (HQ), and cancer risk associated with exposure to the elements in street dust fall lower than threshold values representative of health risks.

References

Feb 22, 2003·Applied Radiation and Isotopes : Including Data, Instrumentation and Methods for Use in Agriculture, Industry and Medicine·Z L L YeungK N Yu
Apr 18, 2003·The Science of the Total Environment·Salve DahleKristoffer Naes
May 31, 2003·Environmental Science & Technology·Randolph K Larsen, Joel E Baker
Jun 3, 2004·The Science of the Total Environment·Guor-Cheng FangMing-Hsiang Chen
May 12, 2005·The Science of the Total Environment·Han YongmingEric S Posmentier
Nov 26, 2005·The Science of the Total Environment·Szu-Chich Chen, Chung-Min Liao
Apr 6, 2006·Water Science and Technology : a Journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research·R K AryalM Boller
Sep 23, 2006·The Science of the Total Environment·Andrew Turner, Lindsey Simmonds
Nov 18, 2006·Chemosphere·M K ChungM H Wong
Nov 8, 2007·Environmental Monitoring and Assessment·F HalekA Kavousi
Jun 19, 2008·Environmental Monitoring and Assessment·Nirat Rajput, Anita Lakhani
Nov 11, 2008·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·Yanxu ZhangShu Tao
Dec 19, 2008·Water Science and Technology : a Journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research·Hongtao ZhaoWeidong Wang
Mar 6, 2009·Environmental Geochemistry and Health·Omar A Al-Khashman, Reyad A Shawabkeh
Apr 25, 2012·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Ju ZhangShiyuan Xu
Jun 1, 2012·Journal of Hazardous Materials·Mohsen SaeediMahdiyeh Salmanzadeh
Sep 1, 1995·Environmental Geochemistry and Health·H T ChonJ Y Kim
Mar 5, 2014·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Ni ZhaoShigang Chao
Jun 24, 2014·Atmospheric Environment·Gouri PrabhakarEric A Betterton
Jul 19, 2017·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Zhiguo CaoShaowei Zhang
Sep 29, 2017·Journal of Geophysical Research. Atmospheres : JGR·Marco MoraArmin Sorooshian

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Sep 30, 2021·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Faezeh MahdadSusanne Charlesworth
Oct 27, 2021·Reviews on Environmental Health·Roshanak Rezaei KalantaryMohsen Hesami Arani
Jan 18, 2022·Environmental Monitoring and Assessment·Arpita Roy, Tanushree Bhattacharya

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.