Context-Appropriate Interventions to Prevent Syphilis: A Narrative Review

Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Thomas A Peterman, Susan Cha

Abstract

The success of an intervention to prevent syphilis will depend on the context and the goal of the intervention. To help programs choose interventions, we reviewed major changes in context and types of interventions that may be effective. We reviewed the literature on the changing context of syphilis in the United States and interventions to prevent syphilis, focusing on articles that included evidence of effectiveness. Populations acquiring syphilis are constantly changing. Currently, incidence is very high among men who have sex with men (MSM). Among adults, late disease caused by syphilis has become rare. Congenital syphilis incidence has been low but is increasing, and morbidity and mortality remain high when babies are infected. Congenital syphilis now causes more deaths than syphilis among adults.Routine screening of MSM can identify and treat infections before they progress to disease (secondary prevention). Screening rates are highest when done as part of routine standing orders. Partner notification effectiveness has decreased, partly because many partners are anonymous. Most congenital syphilis can be prevented by screening pregnant women; it has been eliminated in areas where intense primary prevention efforts elimina...Continue Reading

References

Nov 1, 1979·American Journal of Public Health·H W JaffeR K St John
Jan 9, 1992·The New England Journal of Medicine·S E LandisG G Koch
Oct 1, 1991·American Journal of Public Health·J R Hibbs, R A Gunn
Apr 1, 1990·Annals of Internal Medicine·J K AndrusL R Foster
Jul 1, 1995·Sexually Transmitted Diseases·M M EngelgauR D Gorsky
Jan 1, 1995·Clinical Microbiology Reviews·S A LarsenA H Rudolph
Jul 25, 2000·JAMA : the Journal of the American Medical Association·J D KlausnerM H Katz
Jul 25, 2000·Sexually Transmitted Diseases·T A FarleyD A Cohen
Mar 10, 2001·Sexually Transmitted Diseases·L WarnerK E Toomey
Mar 5, 2002·Sexually Transmitted Diseases·Richard H KahnThomas A Farley
Mar 21, 2002·American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology·Jeanne S SheffieldGeorge D Wendel
May 2, 2002·Sexually Transmitted Diseases·James L ChenPeter R Kerndt
May 3, 2002·Pediatrics·Deborah A GustStuart M Berman
Feb 1, 2003·Lancet·Michael L RekartRobert C Brunham
Aug 15, 2003·Sexually Transmitted Diseases·Harrell W ChessonSevgi O Aral
Oct 1, 1956·American Journal of Public Health and the Nation's Health·M J BURKE, N R INGRAHAM
Dec 8, 1951·Journal of the American Medical Association·J J WRIGHT
Jun 1, 2005·Sexually Transmitted Infections·C E CohenD A Hawkins
Oct 6, 2005·Sexually Transmitted Diseases·M HogbenE Samoff
Apr 28, 2007·American Journal of Public Health·James D HeffelfingerHillard S Weinstock
Jan 4, 2008·American Journal of Public Health·William W Darrow, Susan Biersteker
Jan 15, 2008·Sexually Transmitted Diseases·Melanie M TaylorLily Blasini-Alcivar
Jan 7, 2009·Sexually Transmitted Diseases·Marjan JavanbakhtPeter R Kerndt
Dec 5, 2009·Sexually Transmitted Diseases·Sally C StephensJeffrey D Klausner
Aug 27, 2010·Sexually Transmitted Diseases·Kwame Owusu-EduseiRonald C Ballard
Oct 28, 2011·American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology·Emilia H A KoumansUNKNOWN ABC and DHAP/RTI teams
Nov 16, 2011·Sexually Transmitted Diseases·Pol Dominic McCannGarrett Prestage
Sep 22, 2012·Obstetrics and Gynecology·Sameer J PatelJulia A Schillinger
Dec 4, 2012·Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs·Michael P FisherMartin Y Iguchi
Mar 12, 2013·Bulletin of the World Health Organization·Gabriela B GomezSarah J Hawkes
Jan 5, 2014·Public Health Reports·Paul HunterPaul A Biedrzycki

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations


❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.