PMID: 8940325Dec 4, 1996Paper

Context bias. A problem in diagnostic radiology

JAMA : the Journal of the American Medical Association
T K Egglin, A R Feinstein

Abstract

To determine whether radiologists' interpretations of images are biased by their context and by prevalence of disease in other recently observed cases. A test set of 24 right pulmonary arteriograms with a 33% prevalence of pulmonary emboli (PE) was assembled and embedded in 2 larger groups of films. Group A contained 16 additional arteriograms, all showing PE involving the right lung, so that total prevalence was 60%. Group B contained 16 additional arteriograms without PE so that total prevalence was 20%. Six radiologists were randomly assigned to see either group first and then "cross over" to review the other group after a hiatus of at least 8 weeks. The direction of changes in a 5-point rating scale for the 2 readings of each film in the test set was compared with the sign test; mean sensitivity, specificity, and areas under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were compared with the paired t test. In the context of group A's higher disease prevalence, radiologists shifted more of their diagnoses toward higher suspicion than expected by chance (P=.03, sign test). In group A, mean sensitivity for diagnosing PE was significantly higher (75% vs 60%; P=.04), and area under the ROC curve was significantly larger (0.88 ...Continue Reading

Citations

Jul 22, 2014·Journal of the American College of Radiology : JACR·Daniel J DurandJonathan S Lewin
May 2, 2012·Child's Nervous System : ChNS : Official Journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery·Niels GeerdinkReinier A Mullaart
Nov 1, 2003·Radiology·Nancy A Obuchowski
Jul 2, 2003·Radiology·David GurThomas E Warfel
Jun 29, 2004·Radiology·Nancy A Obuchowski
Mar 16, 2000·Journal of General Internal Medicine·M A GraberI Levin
Apr 5, 2003·BMJ : British Medical Journal·Joël CosteUNKNOWN French Society of Clinical Cytology Study Group
Dec 23, 2006·Breast Cancer Research and Treatment·Nicole Hébert-CroteauJacques Brisson
Apr 24, 2007·AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology·Leonard Berlin
Apr 5, 2000·AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology·L Berlin
Mar 7, 2014·Academic Radiology·Warren M ReedPatrick C Brennan
Sep 26, 2013·The Journal of Emergency Medicine·Mario GaudinoMassimo Massetti
Jan 5, 2016·Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice·Shashi S Seshia
May 7, 2013·Academic Radiology·Frank W Samuelson
Jan 19, 2012·Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research·Haruna Sawada FeldmanChristina Chambers
Oct 18, 2011·American Journal of Medical Genetics. Part a·Haruna Sawada FeldmanChristina Chambers
Sep 22, 2011·Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology : the Official Journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology·M BäumlerG Captier
Apr 22, 2006·Academic Radiology·Chris Sistrom
Mar 29, 2006·The Journal of Emergency Medicine·Steven R OffermanJohn R Richards
Oct 13, 1999·The Journal of Pediatrics·J M Stoler, L B Holmes
Jan 23, 2014·Journal of Clinical Epidemiology·Brian H Willis, Christopher J Hyde
Aug 21, 2013·Journal of Clinical Epidemiology·Penny F WhitingUNKNOWN QUADAS-2 Steering Group
Apr 2, 2015·Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology·BaoLin Pauline SohPatrick Brennan
Jun 27, 2015·Archives de pédiatrie : organe officiel de la Sociéte française de pédiatrie·J CohenE Launay
Jul 10, 2014·Journal of Digital Imaging·Sian Taylor-PhillipsClaudia Mello-Thoms
Jul 22, 2016·Clinical Imaging·Joann G ElmoreDiana L Miglioretti

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.