Contextual dependencies in predictive learning

Memory
P DibbetsJ M Vossen

Abstract

Two experiments assessed contextual dependencies in a predictive-learning task. Subjects learned to associate each of four pictorial stimuli with the occurrence or non-occurrence of a specific outcome. Each of these stimuli, the intentional stimuli, was presented against one of two different visual (Experiment 1) or auditory (Experiment 2) context stimuli. These context stimuli were incidental: subjects were not explicitly instructed to pay any attention to them and each of them in isolation was not predictive of the outcome. During acquisition and testing, subjects expressed the expected relationship between intentional stimulus and outcome by an appropriate key press. At test, intentional stimuli were presented either with the same contextual stimulus as also present during acquisition (same trials), or with the other one (switched trials). The response latency was slower on switched trials than on same trials in each experiment, a result extending previous findings on the effect of environmental contextual stimuli on task performance. Results are discussed in the framework of contextual occasion setting and habituation to contextual stimuli.

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Citations

Sep 1, 2007·Neuroreport·Elisabeth Fonteneau, Jules Davidoff
Dec 8, 2007·Memory & Cognition·Taeo Isarida, Tosmko K Isarin
Aug 5, 2008·Behaviour Research and Therapy·Pauline DibbetsArnoud Arntz
Jun 19, 2004·The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology. A, Human Experimental Psychology·Curt E MagnusonWillem B Verwey
Jun 22, 2002·The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology. B, Comparative and Physiological Psychology·P DibbetsJ M H Vossen

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