Contingency learning and unlearning in the blink of an eye: a resource dependent process

Consciousness and Cognition
James R SchmidtDerek Besner

Abstract

Recent studies show that when words are correlated with the colours they are printed in (e.g., MOVE is presented 75% of the time in blue), colour identification is faster when the word is presented in its correlated colour (MOVE in blue) than in an uncorrelated colour (MOVE in green). The present series of experiments explored the possible mechanisms involved in this colour-word contingency learning effect. Experiment 1 demonstrated that the effect is already present after 18 learning trials. During subsequent unlearning, the effect extinguished equally rapidly. Two reanalyses of data from Schmidt, Crump, Cheesman, and Besner (2007) ruled out an account of the effect in terms of stimulus repetitions. Experiment 2 demonstrated that participants who carry a memory load do not show a contingency effect, supporting the hypothesis that limited-capacity resources are required for learning. Experiment 3 demonstrated that memory resources are required for both storage and retrieval processes.

References

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Nov 19, 2003·Psychonomic Bulletin & Review·Larry L JacobySandra Hessels
Jul 23, 2005·Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology = Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Expérimentale·James R Schmidt, Jim Cheesman
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Citations

Jan 18, 2013·Psychonomic Bulletin & Review·James R Schmidt
Apr 25, 2012·Psychonomic Bulletin & Review·James R Schmidt, Jan De Houwer
Jun 8, 2013·Acta Psychologica·Mike WendtThomas Jacobsen
Nov 26, 2014·Psychological Research·Olga EntelNitzan Shahar
Oct 11, 2012·Experimental Psychology·Lionel BrunelRémy Versace
Oct 24, 2014·Frontiers in Psychology·Olga EntelYoella Bereby-Meyer
May 15, 2016·Psychonomic Bulletin & Review·Ronald Hübner, Shreyasi Mishra
Oct 16, 2016·Attention, Perception & Psychophysics·Wolf Schwarz, Dennis Reike
Feb 7, 2018·Psychonomic Bulletin & Review·James R SchmidtJan De Houwer
Oct 5, 2017·Attention, Perception & Psychophysics·Noah D Forrin, Colin M MacLeod
May 26, 2016·Experimental Psychology·James R Schmidt, Jan De Houwer
Feb 22, 2017·Scientific Reports·Celia Andreu-SánchezJosé María Delgado-García
Jan 29, 2020·The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology : QJEP·James R SchmidtKlaus Rothermund
Jul 29, 2017·Attention, Perception & Psychophysics·Birte Moeller, Christian Frings
Jun 7, 2017·Memory & Cognition·Noah D Forrin, Colin M MacLeod
Dec 5, 2016·Psychological Research·Olga Entel, Joseph Tzelgov
Jul 25, 2017·Psychological Research·Tarini SinghBirte Moeller

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