Continuous Inhalation Exposure to Fungal Allergen Particulates Induces Lung Inflammation While Reducing Innate Immune Molecule Expression in the Brainstem

ASN Neuro
Xinze PengDavid D Lo

Abstract

Continuous exposure to aerosolized fine (particle size ≤2.5 µm) and ultrafine (particle size ≤0.1 µm) particulates can trigger innate inflammatory responses in the lung and brain depending on particle composition. Most studies of manmade toxicants use inhalation exposure routes, whereas most studies of allergens use soluble solutions administered via intranasal or injection routes. Here, we tested whether continuous inhalation exposure to aerosolized Alternaria alternata particulates (a common fungal allergen associated with asthma) would induce innate inflammatory responses in the lung and brain. By designing a new environmental chamber able to control particle size distribution and mass concentration, we continuously exposed adult mice to aerosolized ultrafine Alternaria particulates for 96 hr. Despite induction of innate immune responses in the lung, induction of innate immune responses in whole brain samples was not detected by quantitative polymerase chain reaction or flow cytometry. However, exposure did trigger decreases in Arginase 1, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and tumor necrosis factor alpha mRNA in the brainstem samples containing the central nervous system respiratory circuit (the dorsal respiratory group, vent...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 17, 2019·Allergy·María Garrido-ArandiaAraceli Díaz-Perales
Jun 23, 2021·The Science of the Total Environment·Trevor A BiddleDavid D Lo

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
lavage
flow cytometry
dissection
confocal microscopy
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

Software Mentioned

GraphPad Prism
FlowJo
NIH Image J
Prism7
DustTrak

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