Continuous, vesicle-based fluorimetric assays of 14- and 85-kDa phospholipases A2

Analytical Biochemistry
T BayburtM H Gelb

Abstract

This paper describes the synthesis and analysis of new substrates for the 85-kDa, mammalian, cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) and the 14-kDa, human nonpancreatic, secreted phospholipase A2 (sPLA2). Phosphatidylcholines containing an arachidonyl chain at the sn-2 position and either a 10-pyrenedecyl or a 10-pyrenedecanoyl chain at the sn-1 position were synthesized and shown to be substrates for cPLA2 in a fluorescence-based assay. Most of the assays make use of small and large unilamellar vesicles of substrate phospholipid, although the assay also works when the substrate is dispersed in Triton X-100 mixed-micelles. The cPLA2 assays can be carried out in a fixed time-point mode in which one of the products, the pyrene-containing lysophospholipid, is detected by rapid HPLC. Alternatively, the assay becomes continuous when bovine serum albumin is present in the aqueous phase; this protein extracts the pyrene-containing lysophospholipid from the vesicle, and this leads to the fluorescence of monomeric pyrene label. These assays are capable of detecting subnanogram amounts of cPLA2. The ester formed between gamma-linolenic acid and 7-hydroxycoumarin is also a substrate for cPLA2, and when incorporated into vesicles of the anionic...Continue Reading

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