Contrasting selective patterns across the segmented genome of bluetongue virus in a global reassortment hotspot

Virus Evolution
Maude JacquotRoman Biek

Abstract

For segmented viruses, rapid genomic and phenotypic changes can occur through the process of reassortment, whereby co-infecting strains exchange entire segments creating novel progeny virus genotypes. However, for many viruses with segmented genomes, this process and its effect on transmission dynamics remain poorly understood. Here, we assessed the consequences of reassortment for selection on viral diversity through time using bluetongue virus (BTV), a segmented arbovirus that is the causative agent of a major disease of ruminants. We analysed ninety-two BTV genomes isolated across four decades from India, where BTV diversity, and thus opportunities for reassortment, are among the highest in the world. Our results point to frequent reassortment and segment turnover, some of which appear to be driven by selective sweeps and serial hitchhiking. Particularly, we found evidence for a recent selective sweep affecting segment 5 and its encoded NS1 protein that has allowed a single variant to essentially invade the full range of BTV genomic backgrounds and serotypes currently circulating in India. In contrast, diversifying selection was found to play an important role in maintaining genetic diversity in genes encoding outer surface ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 18, 2020·Viruses·Paulina Rajko-NenowCarrie Batten
Feb 27, 2020·Tropical Animal Health and Production·Kurat Ul AinAwadh Bihari Pandey
May 20, 2020·Frontiers in Veterinary Science·Christie MayoT Alex Perkins
Dec 12, 2019·Frontiers in Veterinary Science·Piet A van Rijn
Oct 9, 2020·Journal of Virology·Yannis MoreauSerafìn Gutierrez

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR
Assay
MDS

Software Mentioned

TreeAnnotator
HyPhy
BEAST
Datamonkey
Recombination Detection Program ( RDP )
Bootscan
TempEst
CODEML
HyPhy package
GiRaF

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