Contribution of excitatory amino acids to hypoglycemic counter-regulation

Brain Research
P E Molina, N N Abumrad

Abstract

We determined the contribution of central N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor activation to the neuro-endocrine counter-regulatory response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia. Glucose kinetics, gluconeogenic substrate balance and counter-regulatory hormonal responses were determined in two groups of conscious dogs fitted with chronic vascular catheters and intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) cannula. Peripheral insulin infusion (5 mU/kg per min for 3 h) decreased plasma glucose levels 40% and increased the rate of glucose appearance (R(a)) 2-fold. This was associated with significant increases in net hepatic uptake of glycerol and lactate, without any change in the net hepatic uptake of alanine. i.c.v. pretreatment with MK-801, an NMDA receptor antagonist, blunted (50%) the rise in glucose R(a) as well as the increase in the net hepatic uptake of glycerol and lactate. Hypoglycemia increased plasma cortisol (3-fold to 14.3+/-1 mg/dl) and epinephrine levels (14-fold to 3811+/-172 pg/ml), and this stress response was attenuated (30% and 60%, respectively) by MK-801 pretreatment. In controls, MK-801 did not alter the increase in norepinephrine or glucagon elicited by hypoglycemia. These results indicate that during hypoglycemia, central...Continue Reading

References

Oct 1, 1992·Endocrinology·P Lindström, L Ohlsson
Aug 1, 1986·Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental·H R FishJ T O'Brian
Jul 1, 1986·Stroke; a Journal of Cerebral Circulation·R N Auer
Jan 1, 1971·Physiological Reviews·C V Greenway, R D Stark
Jan 1, 1981·Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology·J C Watkins, R H Evans
Feb 1, 1994·Endocrinology·R B MeekerJ N Hayward
Mar 1, 1994·Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology·D W Brann, V B Mahesh
Jun 18, 1993·Brain Research·P E MolinaN N Abumrad
Jul 1, 1993·Baillière's Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism·R N Auer, B K Siesjö
Mar 1, 1996·Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice·C C ConnollyA D Cherrington
Apr 1, 1957·The American Journal of Physiology·J S WALLN ALTSZULER

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Jan 12, 2007·Der Internist·A Peters, H Lehnert
Nov 26, 2010·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism·B WillenborgK M Oltmanns
Aug 14, 2018·The Journal of Small Animal Practice·R K MorganL Murphy
Nov 17, 2017·Journal of Investigative Medicine : the Official Publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research·Eric Lontchi-YimagouMeredith Hawkins
Jan 14, 2004·Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology·Deepak RaiGautam Palit
May 13, 2006·Endocrine Practice : Official Journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists·Pankaj ShahF John Service
Dec 22, 2015·European Journal of Pharmacology·Steven PattersonNeville H McClenaghan
Jun 3, 2004·Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews·A PetersH L Fehm

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.