Contribution of Extramedullary Hematopoiesis to Atherosclerosis. The Spleen as a Neglected Hub of Inflammatory Cells.

Frontiers in Immunology
Victoria Fernández-GarcíaLisardo Boscá

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) incidence is becoming higher. This fact is promoted by metabolic disorders such as obesity, and aging. Atherosclerosis is the underlying cause of most of these pathologies. It is a chronic inflammatory disease that begins with the progressive accumulation of lipids and fibrotic materials in the blood-vessel wall, which leads to massive leukocyte recruitment. Rupture of the fibrous cap of the atherogenic cusps is responsible for tissue ischemic events, among them myocardial infarction. Extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH), or blood cell production outside the bone marrow (BM), occurs when the normal production of these cells is impaired (chronic hematological and genetic disorders, leukemia, etc.) or is altered by metabolic disorders, such as hypercholesterolemia, or after myocardial infarction. Recent studies indicate that the main EMH tissues (spleen, liver, adipose and lymph nodes) complement the hematopoietic function of the BM, producing circulating inflammatory cells that infiltrate into the atheroma. Indeed, the spleen, which is a secondary lymphopoietic organ with high metabolic activity, contains a reservoir of myeloid progenitors and monocytes, constituting an important source of inflammato...Continue Reading

References

Jul 16, 1977·Lancet·C D Robinette, J F Fraumeni
Jun 1, 1978·Infection and Immunity·D W Roberts, W P Weidanz
Jan 1, 1992·International Review of Cytology·G Kraal
Jul 1, 1991·Arteriosclerosis and Thrombosis : a Journal of Vascular Biology·D L FeldmanR G Gerrity
Mar 1, 1988·Archives of Surgery·T R BilliarR L Simmons
Dec 1, 1995·The British Journal of Surgery·M FatourosD Cassioumis
Jul 1, 1996·Hepatology : Official Journal of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases·S SuzukiS Baba
May 8, 1999·Immunology·D M HaigH R Miller
Oct 3, 2001·International Immunology·C G ParkR M Steinman
Mar 20, 2002·The Journal of Clinical Investigation·Joseph L Witztum
Mar 20, 2002·The Journal of Clinical Investigation·Giuseppina CaligiuriGöran K Hansson
Dec 25, 2003·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Young-Sun KangChae Gyu Park
Aug 2, 2005·Nature Reviews. Immunology·Reina E Mebius, Georg Kraal
Aug 20, 2005·BMJ : British Medical Journal·Adrian NewlandSteven Myint
Dec 13, 2005·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Yunying ChenKarl Tryggvason
May 24, 2006·Immunology Letters·Cornelia OetkePaul R Crocker
Jul 25, 2006·International Review of Cytology·Georg Kraal, Reina Mebius
Jul 26, 2006·Experimental Hematology·Ingrid G Winkler, Jean-Pierre Lévesque
Aug 29, 2006·American Journal of Hematology·Prashant KapoorPaulette Mehta
Oct 28, 2006·Toxicologic Pathology·Mark F Cesta
Oct 28, 2006·Toxicologic Pathology·Susan A Elmore
Feb 3, 2007·Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology·Adi MorJacob George
Feb 8, 2008·Nature·Simón Méndez-FerrerPaul S Frenette
Feb 26, 2008·Cell·Stuart H Orkin, Leonard I Zon
Jan 23, 2009·Journal of Investigative Surgery : the Official Journal of the Academy of Surgical Research·Arzu Atalay AkanSeher Demirer
May 26, 2010·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Juan-Carlos Rodríguez-PradosLisardo Boscá
Aug 13, 2010·Leukemia·M Z RatajczakJ Ratajczak
Dec 15, 2010·Circulation Research·Tamara A PaglerAlan R Tall
Apr 27, 2011·Current Opinion in Hematology·Jean-Pierre Lévesque, Ingrid G Winkler
Jun 17, 2011·Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology·Filip K Swirski
Sep 17, 2011·Science·Mauricio Rosas-BallinaKevin J Tracey
Jan 4, 2012·The Journal of Experimental Medicine·Florian LeuschnerMatthias Nahrendorf
Feb 14, 2012·Journal of Innate Immunity·Joke M M den Haan, Georg Kraal

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

May 1, 2021·Cells·Tyler J WildesCatherine T Flores
May 13, 2021·Pharmacological Research : the Official Journal of the Italian Pharmacological Society·Anahita Abdali, Goran Marinković
Jun 3, 2021·Biomedicines·Victoria Fernández-GarcíaLisardo Boscá

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Methods Mentioned

BETA
transgenic

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Aging-Associated Metabolic Disorders

Age is associated with many metabolic disorders including cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, stroke and heart disease. The mediators in aging process have been suggested to play a part in the cellular processes responsible for these metabolic disorders. Here is the latest research on aging-associated metabolic disorders.

Cell Aging (Keystone)

This feed focuses on cellular aging with emphasis on the mitochondria, autophagy, and metabolic processes associated with aging and longevity. Here is the latest research on cell aging.

Cardiovascular Disease Pathophysiology

Cardiovascular disease involves several different processes that contribute to the pathological mechanism, including hyperglycemia, inflammation, atherosclerosis, hypertension and more. Vasculature stability plays a critical role in the development of the disease. Discover the latest research on cardiovascular disease pathophysiology here.

Cell Aging

This feed focuses on cellular aging with emphasis on mitochondria, autophagy, and metabolic processes associated with aging and longevity. Here is the latest research on cell aging.