Contributions of monocytes to nervous system disorders

Journal of Molecular Medicine : Official Organ of the Gesellschaft Deutscher Naturforscher Und Ärzte
Juan Mauricio Garré, Guang Yang

Abstract

Monocytes are a class of leukocytes derived from progenitors in the bone marrow and are prevalent in the blood stream. Although the main function of monocytes is to provide innate immune defenses against infection and injury, their contributions to the central nervous system (CNS) disorders are increasingly recognized. In this review article, we summarize the molecular and physiological properties of monocytes in relation to other myeloid cells. Primarily, we discuss how monocytes (or leukocytes) may affect neuronal function in diseases that are characterized by dysregulated innate immunity and cognitive dysfunction. Under these pathological conditions, monocytes and monocyte-derived cells (1) fail to remove neurotoxic products from CNS, (2) interact with astrocytes at the periphery-brain interfaces to alter synapse development and plasticity, or (3) infiltrate into the CNS to exacerbate neuroinflammation. Through these cellular mechanisms, we speculate that monocytes and other peripheral immune cells may affect brain functioning and contribute to behavioral and cognitive deficits. Better understanding of neuroimmune interactions will help the development of strategies to ameliorate neuronal and cognitive dysfunction associated...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 23, 2020·Nutritional Neuroscience·Raffaella Adami, Daniele Bottai
Sep 26, 2019·Frontiers in Psychiatry·Harumi JyonouchiRichard E Frye
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Aug 28, 2021·Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology : the Official Journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology·Xiaoyu FuWei Jiang

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
flow cytometry
transgenic

Software Mentioned

CyTOF

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