Controlled Sn-doping in TiO2 nanowire photoanodes with enhanced photoelectrochemical conversion

Nano Letters
Ming XuGengfeng Zheng

Abstract

We demonstrate for the first time the controlled Sn-doping in TiO(2) nanowire (NW) arrays for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting. Because of the low lattice mismatch between SnO(2) and TiO(2), Sn dopants are incorporated into TiO(2) NWs by a one-pot hydrothermal synthesis with different ratios of SnCl(4) and tetrabutyl titanate, and a high acidity of the reactant solution is critical to control the SnCl(4) hydrolysis rate. The obtained Sn-doped TiO(2) (Sn/TiO(2)) NWs are single crystalline with a rutile structure, and the incorporation of Sn in TiO(2) NWs is well controlled at a low level, that is, 1-2% of Sn/Ti ratio, to avoid phase separation or interface scattering. PEC measurement on Sn/TiO(2) NW photoanodes with different Sn doping ratios shows that the photocurrent increases first with increased Sn doping level to >2.0 mA/cm(2) at 0 V vs Ag/AgCl under 100 mW/cm(2) simulated sunlight illumination up to ~100% enhancement compared to our best pristine TiO(2) NW photoanodes and then decreases at higher Sn doping levels. Subsequent annealing of Sn/TiO(2) NWs in H(2) further improves their photoactivity with an optimized photoconversion efficiency of ~1.2%. The incident-photon-to-current conversion efficiency shows that...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 10, 2013·Spectrochimica Acta. Part A, Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy·M UmadeviM Sangari
May 11, 2016·ACS Central Science·Joaquin ResascoPeidong Yang
Oct 28, 2014·ACS Nano·Wenjie LiGengfeng Zheng
Jun 2, 2015·Scientific Reports·Hongjun ChenLianzhou Wang
Apr 23, 2015·ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces·Muhammad Ibadurrohman, Klaus Hellgardt
Apr 22, 2016·ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces·Hailiang LiLiancheng Zhao
Jul 30, 2016·Scientific Reports·Yuhua LuSergey I Bozhevolnyi
Dec 20, 2016·Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids·Christian G CarvajalAswini K Pradhan
Feb 13, 2016·Chemistry : a European Journal·Ying MaYanxing Qi
Feb 20, 2018·Dalton Transactions : an International Journal of Inorganic Chemistry·Arif GulzarMohd Bismillah Ansari
Jan 28, 2016·Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics : PCCP·Ying MaYanxing Qi
Jun 23, 2015·Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics : PCCP·Manman YangZhenhui Kang
Jul 17, 2018·Advanced Materials·Yanhao Yu, Xudong Wang
Aug 24, 2018·Chemical Society Reviews·Wei LiDongyuan Zhao
Jun 4, 2013·Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics : PCCP·Fengli SuJinlong Gong
May 2, 2014·Advanced Materials·Peilei HeXun Wang

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