Controlling organization and forces in active matter through optically defined boundaries.

Nature
Tyler RossMatt Thomson

Abstract

Living systems are capable of locomotion, reconfiguration and replication. To perform these tasks, cells spatiotemporally coordinate the interactions of force-generating, 'active' molecules that create and manipulate non-equilibrium structures and force fields of up to millimetre length scales1-3. Experimental active-matter systems of biological or synthetic molecules are capable of spontaneously organizing into structures4,5 and generating global flows6-9. However, these experimental systems lack the spatiotemporal control found in cells, limiting their utility for studying non-equilibrium phenomena and bioinspired engineering. Here we uncover non-equilibrium phenomena and principles of boundary-mediated control by optically modulating structures and fluid flow in an engineered system of active biomolecules. Our system consists of purified microtubules and light-activatable motor proteins that crosslink and organize the microtubules into distinct structures upon illumination. We develop basic operations-defined as sets of light patterns-to create, move and merge the microtubule structures. By combining these operations, we create microtubule networks that span several hundred micrometres in length and contract at speeds up to ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 7, 2019·Nature·Geoffrey Belknap
May 28, 2020·Advanced Biosystems·Djamel Eddine ChafaiPavel Dráber
Sep 25, 2020·Nature Communications·Arno van der WeijdenPeter A Korevaar
Nov 22, 2020·Soft Matter·Zhengyang ZhouPengyu Hong
Feb 7, 2021·Science Advances·Gloria LeeRae M Robertson-Anderson
Nov 18, 2020·Nature Chemistry·Caleb H MeredithLauren D Zarzar
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Apr 6, 2021·Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal·Jiří PrůšaMichal Cifra
Apr 21, 2021·Nature Materials·Takahiro NittaYuichi Hiratsuka
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May 15, 2021·ACS Synthetic Biology·Jessica G BermudezMatthew C Good
Jul 22, 2021·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Alexandra M TayarZvonimir Dogic

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