Conventional but not high-purity dialysis fluid induces apoptosis and insulin resistance in adipocytes in vitro

The International Journal of Artificial Organs
Ling L CaiHui M Jin

Abstract

Previous study has shown an independent association of low body fat percentage and fat loss over time with higher mortality in hemodialysis (HD) patients. High-purity dialysis fluid (HPDF) used in place of conventional dialysis fluid (CDF) may decrease inflammation and improve nutritional status. Its effect on adipocytes and therefore fat storage is unclear. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of these dialysates on apoptosis and insulin resistance in cultured adipocytes to determine a basis for the superiority of HPDF. Flow cytometry and fluorescence staining were used to evaluate apoptosis in adipocytes. Insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) and -2 and serine phosphorylation of IRS-1 levels were assayed by Western blot. Tumor necrosis factor a (TNFa) levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Although CDF contained more bacteria (66 ± 6 CFU/mL) than HPDF (7 ± 3 CFU/mL) and higher levels of bacterial DNA, endotoxin levels were similar. Combined with uremic serum (containing high TNFa levels), CDF (vs. HPDF) induced more apoptosis in adipocytes. Exposure to CDF also decreased expression of IRS-1 protein, increased expression of IRS-2 protein and insulin-stimulated serine phosphorylation of...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 16, 2013·Pediatric Cardiology·Amy L ThrockmortonWilliam Moskowitz

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Apoptosis is a specific process that leads to programmed cell death through the activation of an evolutionary conserved intracellular pathway leading to pathognomic cellular changes distinct from cellular necrosis