Convergent Loss of Awn in Two Cultivated Rice Species Oryza sativa and Oryza glaberrima Is Caused by Mutations in Different Loci

G3 : Genes - Genomes - Genetics
Tomoyuki FurutaMotoyuki Ashikari

Abstract

A long awn is one of the distinct morphological features of wild rice species. This organ is thought to aid in seed dispersal and prevent predation by animals. Most cultivated varieties of Oryza sativa and Oryza glaberrima, however, have lost the ability to form long awns. The causal genetic factors responsible for the loss of awn in these two rice species remain largely unknown. Here, we evaluated three sets of chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs) in a common O. sativa genetic background (cv. Koshihikari) that harbor genomic fragments from Oryza nivara, Oryza rufipogon, and Oryza glaberrima donors. Phenotypic analyses of these libraries revealed the existence of three genes, Regulator of Awn Elongation 1 (RAE1), RAE2, and RAE3, involved in the loss of long awns in cultivated rice. Donor segments at two of these genes, RAE1 and RAE2, induced long awn formation in the CSSLs whereas an O. sativa segment at RAE3 induced long awn formation in O. glaberrima. These results suggest that the two cultivated rice species, O. sativa and O. glaberrima, have taken independent paths to become awnless.

References

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Citations

Jun 16, 2007·BMC Bioinformatics·Dmitriy SkvortsovSimon Tavaré
Jul 29, 2016·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Kanako Bessho-UeharaMotoyuki Ashikari
Sep 6, 2011·Plant Science : an International Journal of Experimental Plant Biology·Andreas Fröhlich, Jörg Durner
Jul 28, 2019·Journal of Experimental Botany·Thomas W R HarropHélène Adam
Apr 11, 2021·American Journal of Botany·Marshall J WedgerBriana L Gross

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
IRGC104038

Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR
transgenic

Software Mentioned

GLSL
HITACHI SOFT
SmartGrain
ClustalW
Sequencher

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