Convergent pathways of macrophage polarization: The role of B cells

European Journal of Immunology
Antonio SicaMassimo Locati

Abstract

The construction of an inflammatory microenvironment provides the fuel for cancer development and progression. Hence, solid tumors promote infiltration of leukocyte populations, among which tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) represent a paradigm for cancer-promoting inflammation. TAM orchestrate various aspects of cancer, including diversion and skewing of adaptive responses, cell growth, angiogenesis, matrix deposition and remodelling, the construction of a metastatic niche and actual metastasis, response to hormones and chemotherapeutic agents. Several lines of evidence indicate that TAM show a remarkable degree of plasticity and functional heterogeneity, suggesting that during tumor progression macrophages undergo a phenotypic "switch", eventually exhibiting the alternatively activated, "M2", phenotype that is associated with immunosuppression, promotion of tumor angiogenesis and metastasis. Although recent studies have attempted to address the role of microenvironmental signals on TAM "reprogramming", the interplay between innate and adaptive immunity is emerging as a crucial step of this event. In this issue of the European Journal of Immunology, a study demonstrates that B1 lymphocytes expressing IL-10 play a key role in ...Continue Reading

References

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Citations

Mar 22, 2013·Journal of Molecular Medicine : Official Organ of the Gesellschaft Deutscher Naturforscher Und Ärzte·Heath A Smith, Yibin Kang
Sep 29, 2011·Cancer Microenvironment : Official Journal of the International Cancer Microenvironment Society·Antonio SicaElena Riboldi
Nov 28, 2012·International Immunology·Elena RiboldiAntonio Sica
Jun 4, 2011·Pulmonary Medicine·E BargagliP Rottoli
Apr 7, 2011·European Journal of Immunology·Gennady G YegutkinMarko Salmi
Sep 29, 2011·European Journal of Immunology·Siamon Gordon, Alberto Mantovani
Sep 29, 2011·European Journal of Immunology·Alberto MantovaniSubhra K Biswas

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