Cooling properties of everyday liquids

Burns : Journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries
Robert M WarnerDarren L Chester

Abstract

To examine the cooling properties of a variety of 'everyday' hot liquids within the context of scald injuries in the United Kingdom. The temperature of common hot liquids, including water, tea, coffee and various other liquids (i.e. takeaway coffees, "Indian tea", chicken curries, hot milk and oil) were recorded over a time period, using digital cooking thermometers. Minimal difference was detected between the cooling rates of hot water, coffee and tea. Indian tea cooled at a slower rate. The speed at which milk cooled was less than other liquids and the higher the fat content the slower it cooled. Takeaway beverages had a lower starting temperature and retained heat for substantially longer periods. The assessment of cooking oil revealed intense heat production and prolonged cooling. The authors propose that if a patient is exposed to a 'common' scalding agent that has been cooling for 10 min or less then the temperature of that fluid is likely to be greater than 60°C and therefore capable of causing a burn within seconds of exposure. Furthermore, most liquids tested take between 15 and 30 min to reach a "safe temperature" below 53°C.

References

Oct 1, 1988·Burns, Including Thermal Injury·N S Mercer
Apr 1, 1994·Burns : Journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries·C RamanathanJ H Stevenson
Dec 28, 2005·Burns : Journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries·J M RawlinsD T Sharpe
Nov 23, 2006·Burns : Journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries·T W ChiuA Burd
Apr 18, 2007·Journal of Burn Care & Research : Official Publication of the American Burn Association·Avshalom ShalomAndrew Munster
Jun 10, 2009·Journal of Burn Care & Research : Official Publication of the American Burn Association·Sharmila DissanaikeCynthia Hester
Jul 10, 2009·Burns : Journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries·Benjamin Jamnadas-KhodaB S Dheansa

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Jul 9, 2013·Burns : Journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries·Neil ChotaiBaljit Dheansa
Jul 12, 2019·Journal of Food Science·John Abraham, Kenneth Diller
Jul 14, 2016·International Journal of Hyperthermia : the Official Journal of European Society for Hyperthermic Oncology, North American Hyperthermia Group·John P AbrahamSteven E Wolf
Mar 7, 2020·Journal of Burn Care & Research : Official Publication of the American Burn Association·Christopher J LewisAnna Goodwin-Walters

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.

Related Papers

Burns : Journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries
Benjamin Jamnadas-KhodaBaljit Dheansa
Burns : Journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries
T W Chiu, A Burd
Burns : Journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries
D M LewisK Allison
Burns : Journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries
T W ChiuA Burd
Annals of Emergency Medicine
E Su, J A Zenel
© 2021 Meta ULC. All rights reserved