Copper Homeostasis in Mammals, with Emphasis on Secretion and Excretion. A Review.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Maria C Linder

Abstract

One of the hallmarks of Cu metabolism in mammals is that tissue and fluid levels are normally maintained within a very narrow range of concentrations. This results from the ability of the organism to respond to variations in intake from food and drink by balancing excretion, which occurs mainly via the bile and feces. Although this sounds straightforward and we have already learned a great deal about aspects of this process, the balance between overall intake and excretion occurs over a high background of Cu recycling, which has generally been ignored. In fact, most of the Cu absorbed from the GI tract actually comes from digestive fluids and is constantly "re-used". A great deal more recycling of Cu probably occurs in the interior, between cells of individual tissues and the fluid of the blood and interstitium. This review presents what is known that is pertinent to understanding these complexities of mammalian Cu homeostasis and indicates where further studies are needed.

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Citations

Mar 7, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Piotr SoczewkaJoanna Kaminska
Mar 26, 2021·Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry·Angelique N BesoldValeria C Culotta
Jun 3, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Ludmila V PuchkovaEkaterina Yu Ilyechova
Aug 9, 2021·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta. General Subjects·Bryce BladesSharon La Fontaine
Nov 5, 2021·Journal of Cell Science·Svetlana Lutsenko

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
co-immunoprecipitation
size exclusion chromatography

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